Zheng Chen-Wei, Zhou Chen, Luo Yi-Hao, Long Min, Long Xiangxing, Zhou Dandan, Bi Yuqiang, Yang Shize, Rittmann Bruce E
Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85281, United States.
Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85281, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Jan 10;57(1):666-673. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05675. Epub 2022 Nov 29.
Ammunition wastewater contains toxic nitrated explosives like RDX and oxyanions like nitrate and perchlorate. Its treatment is challenged by low efficiency due to contaminant recalcitrance and high cost due to multiple processes needed for separately removing different contaminant types. This paper reports a H-based low-energy strategy featuring the treatment of explosives via catalytic denitration followed by microbial mineralization coupled with oxyanion reduction. After a nitrate- and perchlorate-reducing biofilm incapable of RDX biodegradation was coated with palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), RDX was rapidly denitrated with a specific catalytic activity of 8.7 g min, while biological reductions of nitrate and perchlorate remained efficient. In the subsequent 30-day continuous test, >99% of RDX, nitrate, and perchlorate were coremoved, and their effluent concentrations were below their respective regulation levels. Detected intermediates and shallow metagenome analysis suggest that the intermediates after Pd-catalytic denitration of RDX ultimately were enzymatically utilized by the nitrate- and perchlorate-reducing bacteria as additional electron donor sources.
弹药废水含有有毒的硝化炸药，如黑索金，以及硝酸根和高氯酸根等含氧阴离子。由于污染物的难降解性，其处理效率较低，并且由于需要多个过程分别去除不同类型的污染物，处理成本较高。本文报道了一种基于氢的低能耗策略，其特点是通过催化脱硝处理炸药，然后进行微生物矿化并结合含氧阴离子还原。在不能生物降解黑索金的硝酸盐和高氯酸盐还原生物膜上负载钯纳米颗粒（PdNPs）后，黑索金以8.7 g/min的比催化活性迅速脱硝，而硝酸盐和高氯酸盐的生物还原仍保持高效。在随后的30天连续测试中，>99%的黑索金、硝酸盐和高氯酸盐被同时去除，其出水浓度低于各自的监管水平。检测到的中间产物和浅层宏基因组分析表明，钯催化黑索金脱硝后的中间产物最终被硝酸盐和高氯酸盐还原细菌作为额外的电子供体来源酶促利用。
