Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2023;21(10):2020-2029. doi: 10.2174/1570159X21666221129121715.
Neuroinflammation is a common feature of diverse nervous system pathologies. In many instances, it begins at an early stage of the disease, paving the way for further exacerbations. The main drivers of neuroinflammation are brain-resident glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes. Microglia are the primary responders to any insult to the brain parenchyma, translating the signals into diverse molecules. These molecules derived from microglia can regulate the stimuli-dependent reactivity of astrocytes. Once activated, astrocytes in turn, can control microglia phenotypes. Recent evidence indicates that the crosstalk between these glial cells plays an important role in delaying or accelerating neuroinflammation and overall disease progression. To date, various molecules have been recognized as key mediators of the bidirectional communication between microglia and astrocytes. The current review aims to discuss the novel molecules identified recently, which play a critical role in interglial crosstalk, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
神经炎症是多种神经系统疾病的共同特征。在许多情况下，它始于疾病的早期阶段，为进一步恶化铺平了道路。神经炎症的主要驱动因素是脑驻留的神经胶质细胞，如小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。小胶质细胞是对脑实质任何损伤的主要反应者，将信号转化为多种分子。这些源自小胶质细胞的分子可以调节星形胶质细胞对刺激的反应性。一旦被激活，星形胶质细胞反过来又可以控制小胶质细胞表型。最近的证据表明，这些神经胶质细胞之间的串扰在延缓或加速神经炎症和整体疾病进展方面起着重要作用。迄今为止，已经发现了多种分子，它们被认为是小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞之间双向通讯的关键介质。本综述旨在讨论最近发现的在细胞间串扰中起关键作用的新分子，强调它们的治疗潜力。
