Feng Xuemin, Yi Shujun, Shan Guoqiang, Chen Xin, Yang Yi, Yang Liping, Jia Yibo, Zhu Yumin, Zhu Lingyan
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization, Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin 300192, China.
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Mar 5;445:130473. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130473. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
With the stringent restrictions on long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), ether-PFASs are being widely used as alternatives. We estimated that the mega fluorochemical industrial park (FIP) in Shandong, China, had emitted a maximum of 5040 kg and 1026 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxides (HFPOs), and 7560 kg and 1890 kg of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to water and air during 2021. In the surface water, groundwater, outdoor dust, soil, tree leaf and bark collected in the vicinity of the FIP, PFOA was predominant, followed by HFPOs. The much higher percentage of HFPO dimer acid (HFPO-DA) in groundwater than in surface water verified that this compound was more mobile in porous media. The strong correlations between the main PFASs in outdoor dust and surface soil suggested that the soil PFASs were mainly derived from air deposition, particularly for HFPO trimer acid (HFPO-TA), which has a stronger binding affinity with particles than PFOA. High percentage of the hydroxylated product of 6:2 polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acid was observed in groundwater, implying reductive dechlorination might occur in groundwater. Strong correlations between PFASs in outdoor dust and those in tree leaf and bark magnified that tree could serve as a sampler to effectively monitor airborne PFASs. This study provides the first line of information about the discharge, transport, and fate of novel ether-PFASs in the multiple environmental media near a point source.
随着对长链全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）的严格限制，醚类全氟辛烷磺酸正被广泛用作替代品。我们估计，中国山东的大型氟化学工业园区（FIP）在2021年期间向水和空气中排放的六氟环氧丙烷（HFPOs）最多分别为5040千克和1026千克，全氟辛酸（PFOA）最多分别为7560千克和1890千克。在FIP附近采集的地表水、地下水、室外灰尘、土壤、树叶和树皮中，PFOA占主导地位，其次是HFPOs。地下水中HFPO二聚酸（HFPO-DA）的比例远高于地表水中的比例，这证明该化合物在多孔介质中的流动性更强。室外灰尘和表层土壤中主要PFASs之间的强相关性表明，土壤中的PFASs主要来自大气沉降，特别是对于HFPO三聚酸（HFPO-TA），它与颗粒的结合亲和力比PFOA更强。在地下水中观察到6:2多氟醚磺酸的羟基化产物比例较高，这意味着地下水中可能发生了还原脱氯反应。室外灰尘中的PFASs与树叶和树皮中的PFASs之间的强相关性进一步表明，树木可以作为一个采样器，有效地监测空气中的PFASs。本研究提供了关于新型醚类全氟辛烷磺酸在点源附近多种环境介质中的排放、迁移和归宿的第一手信息。
