Exercise Physiology Laboratory of Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Research Group in Physiology and Epidemiology of Exercise and Physical Activity (GEAFS)-University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 7;17(12):e0277848. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277848. eCollection 2022.
The effect of resting heart rate (RHR) on the heart rate (HR) dynamics and parasympathetic modulation at rest, exercise, and recovery remain to be clarified. This study compares HR and parasympathetic responses at rest, during submaximal exercise testing and recovery in young, physically active men with different RHR average values. HR and parasympathetic responses were compared between two groups: bradycardia group-RHR < 60 bpm (BG, n = 20) and normocardia group-RHR ≥ 60 ≤ 100 bpm (NG, n = 20). A Polar RS800® was used to record the RR-interval series and HR at rest in the supine position, following the postural change (from supine to orthostatic position) and in the orthostatic position for 5 minutes, as well as during and after a submaximal exercise testing. Statistical analysis employed the MANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and Simple Linear regression test with a two-tailed p-value set at ≤ 0.05. BG at rest showed lower HR in the orthostatic position, higher parasympathetic activity in the supine and orthostatic positions, and higher parasympathetic reactivity than NG (p ≤ 0.01) after the postural change. BG before exercise showed lower HR and higher values of the chronotropic reserve and parasympathetic withdrawal than NG (p ≤ 0.01) throughout the exercise. Following the exercise, BG showed higher values of HR recovery (HRR) and parasympathetic reactivation in the 3rd and 5th minutes of recovery than NG (p ≤ 0.01). Lastly, the RHR can explain the variance of the HR at rest, during exercise testing, and recovery from 11 to 48%. We concluded that BG (RHR < 60 bpm) showed higher chronotropic and parasympathetic modulation at rest, higher chronotropic reserve, parasympathetic withdrawal during the submaximal exercise test, and faster HRR and parasympathetic reactivation after effort in young physically active men.
静息心率 (RHR) 对心率 (HR) 动力学和自主神经调节的影响在休息、运动和恢复时仍不清楚。本研究比较了静息时、亚最大运动测试时和恢复时心率和自主神经反应，比较了两组具有不同 RHR 平均值的年轻、活跃男性的 HR 和自主神经反应：心动过缓组-RHR < 60 次/分 (BG，n = 20) 和正常心率组-RHR ≥ 60 ≤ 100 次/分 (NG，n = 20)。使用 Polar RS800® 记录 RR 间期序列和仰卧位休息时的 HR，随后进行体位变化 (从仰卧位变为直立位) 和直立位 5 分钟，以及亚最大运动测试期间和之后。采用 MANOVA、Mann-Whitney 和简单线性回归检验进行统计分析，双侧 p 值设为 ≤ 0.05。BG 在直立位时 HR 较低，仰卧位和直立位时自主神经活动较高，体位变化后自主神经反应较高 (p ≤ 0.01)。运动前，BG 的 HR 较低，运动过程中变时储备和自主神经抑制的 HR 较高 (p ≤ 0.01)。运动后，BG 在第 3 分钟和第 5 分钟的 HR 恢复 (HRR) 和自主神经再激活的 HR 较高 (p ≤ 0.01)。最后，RHR 可以解释静息、运动测试和恢复期间 11%至 48%的 HR 方差。我们得出结论，BG (RHR < 60 bpm) 在休息时表现出更高的变时和自主神经调节，更高的变时储备，亚最大运动测试期间的自主神经抑制，以及在年轻活跃男性进行体力活动后更快的 HRR 和自主神经再激活。
