Geo environmental green growth towards sustainable development in semi-arid regions using physicochemical and geospatial approaches.

The process of determining whether a specific portion of land is suitable for a specific purpose is known as land suitability analysis (LSA). In order to promote sustainable development in semi-arid regions, the objective of this study is to analyse, evaluate, and identify the land for green growth based on topography, climate, and soil characteristics. Twelve thematic maps are prepared by using remote sensing satellite data. The Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS is used for the preparation of the thematic maps like land use land cover (LULC), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), top soil grain size index (TGSI), and geomorphology (GM), and DEM data is used for the preparation slope, and drainage density (DD). The collateral data is used to prepare geology and soil thematic maps. From the field work, we have collected soil samples for the compulsory physicochemical parameters such as soil EC and soil N-P-K which were taken into consideration and prepared thematic maps. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to generate the LSA of the research region, by assigning the appropriate weights to each criterion and sub-criterion for the thematic maps. Geographic information systems (GIS) and the multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) approach were used in the study's methodology. The LSA of the study area has been categories in to four types, i.e., highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable. The results revealed that 421.31 sq.km (40.09%) is not suitable for agriculture green growth in the study region, whereas 89.58 sq.km (8.52%) is moderately suitable, 267.66 sq.km (25.47%) is marginally suitable, and 266.54 sq.km (25.36%) is highly suitable. Accuracy assessment has validated the LSA map's accuracy (AA). The AA of LSA is 84.22%, which demonstrates a strong connection with the actual data. The research's results could be helpful in locating productive agricultural areas in various parts of the world. The decision-making AHP tool paired with GIS provides a novel method.