Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Santa Viola Hospital, Colibrì Consortium, Bologna, Italy.
Med Teach. 2023 Jul;45(7):717-723. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2022.2152662. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
Several studies have called for attention to medical students' well-being. Building on the neuroevolutionary affective neuroscience perspective that views primary emotional systems as central to well-being and the foundation of personality, this study investigated the facets of medical students' psychological well-being that are challenged and the relationships between emotional traits, psychological well-being, and depression.
In a single-center cross-sectional study, medical students' primary emotional traits (SEEKING, FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS, CARE, PLAY and Spirituality), psychological well-being dimensions (autonomy, environmental mastery, positive relations, self-acceptance, purpose in life, and personal growth), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale; the Psychological Well-being Scale, which provides normative data; and the Beck Depression Inventory.
Compared with the normative data, the medical students perceived lower psychological autonomy, positive relations, and self-acceptance but higher purpose in life. The medical students' emotional traits were related to specific psychological well-being facets and depression. SEEKING and, inversely, FEAR were related to well-being across dimensions and depressive symptoms.
Our findings are the first to show a link between emotional traits and specific facets of psychological health in medical students. Thus, this study encourages medical teachers to set learning environments that target multiple facets of well-being that harness primary emotional traits.
已有多项研究呼吁关注医学生的幸福感。本研究基于神经进化情感神经科学的观点，即认为主要情绪系统是幸福感的核心和个性的基础，探讨了医学生面临挑战的心理健康各个方面，以及情绪特质、心理健康和抑郁之间的关系。
在一项单中心横断面研究中，使用情感神经科学人格量表评估医学生的主要情绪特质（寻求、恐惧、愤怒、悲伤、关怀、玩乐和灵性）、心理健康维度（自主性、环境掌控、积极关系、自我接纳、生活目的和个人成长）和抑郁症状；使用心理幸福感量表（提供了规范数据）；贝克抑郁量表。
与规范数据相比，医学生感知到较低的心理自主性、积极关系和自我接纳，但更高的生活目的。医学生的情绪特质与特定的心理健康方面和抑郁有关。寻求和相反的恐惧与多个维度的幸福感和抑郁症状有关。
我们的研究结果首次表明，医学生的情绪特质与心理健康的特定方面之间存在联系。因此，本研究鼓励医学教师创造学习环境，针对幸福感的多个方面，利用主要情绪特质。
