College of Urban Economics and Public Administration, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Megaregions Sustainable Development Simulation, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 5;19(23):16271. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316271.
Ecological welfare performance (EWP) is a necessary condition for achieving sustainable economic development and is a crucial initiative for resolving the dilemma of balancing economic development, social welfare, ecology, and the environment. This paper constructs and enhances a comprehensive evaluation system of ecological welfare performance (EWP) from an ecological value viewpoint for the purpose of making the results of the evaluation both comprehensive and objective. In the meantime, the Dagum Gini decomposition, kernel density, and the spatial Durbin model were initiated to measure and analyze urban EWP, which supplies new empirical results for studies on the dynamic evolution, regional differences and driving factors of urban EWP. The findings indicate the following: (1) In each spatial dimension, the urban EWP roughly demonstrates first a decreased and then an increased trend. There is a discrepancy in the east-central-west distribution of urban EWP in space, in which urban EWP in the east and west is larger than that in the central area. (2) For relative differences, intra-regional and inter-regional differences in urban EWP are significantly spatially uneven. Supervariable density is the main source of regional differences. For absolute differences, the EWP demonstrates a significant polarization effect. (3) The urban EWP does not have σ-convergence; nonetheless, it has spatial absolute -convergence and spatial conditional -convergence. (4) The urban EWP has a significant spatial correlation. Industrial structure, science and technology innovation, foreign investment, urbanization, government intervention, finance development, and environmental regulations all have influence effects and spatial effects on urban EWP; notwithstanding, the direction and magnitude of the effects vary across the different spatial dimensions.
生态福利绩效（EWP）是实现经济可持续发展的必要条件，是解决经济发展、社会福利、生态和环境平衡困境的关键举措。本文从生态价值的角度构建和完善了生态福利绩效（EWP）综合评价体系，使评价结果更加全面和客观。同时，采用 Dagum Gini 分解、核密度估计和空间 Durbin 模型，对城市 EWP 进行测度和分析，为城市 EWP 动态演变、区域差异和驱动因素的研究提供了新的实证结果。研究结果表明：（1）在各个空间维度上，城市 EWP 大致呈现先下降后上升的趋势，空间上存在东中西部城市 EWP 的分布差异，东部和西部的城市 EWP 大于中部地区。（2）对于相对差异，城市 EWP 的区域内和区域间差异具有显著的空间非均衡性，超变密度是区域差异的主要来源。对于绝对差异，EWP 表现出显著的极化效应。（3）城市 EWP 不存在σ收敛，但具有空间绝对收敛和空间条件收敛。（4）城市 EWP 具有显著的空间相关性。产业结构、科技创新、外资、城市化、政府干预、金融发展和环境规制对城市 EWP 均具有影响效应和空间效应，但在不同的空间维度上，效应的方向和大小存在差异。
