Institute of Geodesy-Geodetic Measuring Systems and Sensor Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Franziska-Braun-Straße 7, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Englerstraße 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Dec 6;22(23):9562. doi: 10.3390/s22239562.
Against the background of an aging infrastructure, the condition assessment process of existing bridges is becoming an ever more challenging task for structural engineers. Short-term measurements and structural monitoring are valuable tools that can lead to a more accurate assessment of the remaining service life of structures. In this context, contactless sensors have great potential, as a wide range of applications can already be covered with relatively little effort and without having to interrupt traffic. In particular, profile scanning and microwave interferometry, have become increasingly important in the research field of bridge measurement and monitoring in recent years. In contrast to other contactless displacement sensors, both technologies enable a spatially distributed detection of absolute structural displacements. In addition, their high sampling rate enables the detection of the dynamic structural behaviour. This paper analyses the two sensor types in detail and discusses their advantages and disadvantages for the deformation monitoring of bridges. It focuses on a conceptual comparison between the two technologies and then discusses the main challenges related to their application in real-world structures in operation, highlighting the respective limitations of both sensors. The findings are illustrated with measurement results at a railway bridge in operation.
在基础设施老化的背景下，对现有桥梁的状况评估对于结构工程师来说正变得越来越具有挑战性。短期测量和结构监测是有价值的工具，可以更准确地评估结构的剩余使用寿命。在这种情况下，非接触式传感器具有很大的潜力，因为相对较少的努力就可以覆盖广泛的应用，而无需中断交通。特别是在桥梁测量和监测的研究领域，近年来轮廓扫描和微波干涉测量已变得越来越重要。与其他非接触式位移传感器相比，这两种技术都能够实现对结构绝对位移的分布式检测。此外，它们的高采样率还可以检测到结构的动态行为。本文详细分析了这两种传感器类型，并讨论了它们在桥梁变形监测中的优缺点。它侧重于这两种技术之间的概念比较，然后讨论了与它们在实际运行中的结构应用相关的主要挑战，强调了两种传感器各自的局限性。研究结果通过在运营中的铁路桥上的测量结果得到了说明。
