Data and Analytic Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Data and Analytic Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Feb;127:116-123. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.001. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
With the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, there is a need for population-based studies to assess risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalization after vaccination and how they differ from unvaccinated individuals.
We used data from the British Columbia COVID-19 Cohort, a population-based cohort that includes all individuals (aged ≥18 years) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from January 1, 2021 (after the start of vaccination program) to December 31, 2021. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess COVID-19-related hospitalization risk by vaccination status and age group among confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Of the 162,509 COVID-19 cases included in the analysis, 8,546 (5.3%) required hospitalization. Among vaccinated individuals, an increased odds of hospitalization with increasing age was observed for older age groups, namely those aged 50-59 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01-4.33), 60-69 years (OR = 4.82, 95% CI: 3.29, 7.07), 70-79 years (OR = 11.92, 95% CI: 8.02, 17.71), and ≥80 years (OR = 24.25, 95% CI: 16.02, 36.71). However, among unvaccinated individuals, there was a graded increase in odds of hospitalization with increasing age, starting at age group 30-39 years (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.90, 2.41) to ≥80 years (OR = 41.95, 95% CI: 35.43, 49.67). Also, comparing all the age groups to the youngest, the observed magnitude of association was much higher among unvaccinated individuals than vaccinated ones.
Alongside a number of comorbidities, our findings showed a strong association between age and COVID-19-related hospitalization, regardless of vaccination status. However, age-related hospitalization risk was reduced two-fold by vaccination, highlighting the need for vaccination in reducing the risk of severe disease and subsequent COVID-19-related hospitalization across all population groups.
随着 COVID-19 疫苗的普及，需要进行基于人群的研究来评估接种疫苗后 COVID-19 相关住院的风险因素，以及这些因素与未接种疫苗者的不同之处。
我们使用了不列颠哥伦比亚 COVID-19 队列的数据，这是一个基于人群的队列，其中包括所有在 2021 年 1 月 1 日（疫苗接种计划开始后）至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应检测出 SARS-CoV-2 呈阳性的个体（年龄≥18 岁）。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型，根据疫苗接种状况和确诊 COVID-19 病例的年龄组评估 COVID-19 相关住院的风险。
在纳入分析的 162509 例 COVID-19 病例中，有 8546 例（5.3%）需要住院治疗。在接种疫苗的个体中，随着年龄的增长，住院的几率也随之增加，尤其是 50-59 岁年龄组（比值比[OR] = 2.95，95%置信区间[CI]：2.01-4.33）、60-69 岁年龄组（OR = 4.82，95% CI：3.29-7.07）、70-79 岁年龄组（OR = 11.92，95% CI：8.02-17.71）和≥80 岁年龄组（OR = 24.25，95% CI：16.02-36.71）。然而，在未接种疫苗的个体中，随着年龄的增长，住院的几率呈梯度增加，从 30-39 岁年龄组（OR = 2.14，95% CI：1.90-2.41）开始增加，直到≥80 岁年龄组（OR = 41.95，95% CI：35.43-49.67）。此外，将所有年龄组与最年轻的年龄组进行比较，未接种疫苗个体的观察到的关联程度明显高于接种疫苗个体。
除了一些合并症外，我们的研究结果表明，年龄与 COVID-19 相关住院之间存在很强的关联，无论接种疫苗状况如何。然而，疫苗接种将住院风险降低了两倍，这突出表明，在所有人群中，疫苗接种对于降低严重疾病和随后的 COVID-19 相关住院风险至关重要。
