人轮状病毒疫苗(HRV)和肺炎球菌多糖蛋白 D 结合疫苗(PHiD-CV)估计对免疫规划支持国家儿童发病率和死亡率的公共卫生影响。

Estimated public health impact of human rotavirus vaccine (HRV) and pneumococcal polysaccharide protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) on child morbidity and mortality in Gavi-supported countries.

机构信息

GSK, Vaccines, Upper Providence, PA, USA.

GSK, Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.

出版信息

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 30;18(7):2135916. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2135916. Epub 2022 Dec 12.

Abstract

Vaccine impact models against rotavirus disease (RD) and pneumococcal disease (PD) in low- and middle-income countries assume vaccine coverage based on other vaccines. We propose to assess the impact on severe disease cases and deaths avoided based on vaccine doses delivered by one manufacturer to Gavi-supported countries. From the number of human rotavirus vaccine (HRV) and pneumococcal polysaccharide protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) doses delivered, we estimated the averted burden of disease 1) in a specific year and 2) for all children vaccinated during the study period followed-up until 5 years (y) of age. Uncertainty of the estimated impact was assessed in a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte-Carlo simulations to provide 95% confidence intervals. From 2009 to 2019, approximately 143 million children received HRV in 57 Gavi-supported countries, avoiding an estimated 18.7 million severe RD cases and 153,000, deaths. From 2011 to 2019, approximately 146 million children received PHiD-CV in 36 countries, avoiding an estimated 5.0 million severe PD cases and 587,000 deaths. The number of severe cases and deaths averted for all children vaccinated during the study period until 5 years of age were about 23.2 million and 190,000, respectively, for HRV, and 6.6 million and 749,000, respectively, for PHiD-CV. Models based on doses delivered help to assess the impact of vaccination, plan vaccination programs and understand public health benefits. In 2019, HRV and PHiD-CV doses delivered over a 5-y period may have, on average, averted nine severe disease cases every minute and one child death every 4 min.

摘要

在中低收入国家,针对轮状病毒病(RD)和肺炎球菌病(PD)的疫苗影响模型基于其他疫苗的疫苗接种率。我们建议根据疫苗制造商向 Gavi 支持的国家提供的疫苗剂量来评估对严重疾病病例和避免死亡的影响。根据人轮状病毒疫苗(HRV)和肺炎球菌多糖蛋白 D 结合疫苗(PHiD-CV)的接种剂量,我们估计了 1)在特定年份和 2)在研究期间接种疫苗的所有儿童在 5 岁(y)之前避免的疾病负担。使用蒙特卡罗模拟进行概率敏感性分析评估了估计影响的不确定性,以提供 95%置信区间。2009 年至 2019 年,约有 1.43 亿儿童在 57 个 Gavi 支持国家接种 HRV,避免了约 1870 万例严重 RD 病例和 15.3 万人死亡。2011 年至 2019 年,约有 1.46 亿儿童在 36 个国家接种了 PHiD-CV,避免了约 500 万例严重 PD 病例和 58.7 万人死亡。在研究期间,所有儿童接种疫苗直到 5 岁时避免的严重病例和死亡人数分别约为 HRV 的 2320 万和 19 万,PHiD-CV 的 660 万和 7.49 万。基于接种剂量的模型有助于评估疫苗接种的影响,规划疫苗接种计划和了解公共卫生效益。2019 年,在 5 年内接种 HRV 和 PHiD-CV 疫苗,平均每一分钟可避免 9 例严重疾病病例,每 4 分钟可避免 1 名儿童死亡。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/eb61/9766466/7d774f9fbd37/KHVI_A_2135916_UF0001_OC.jpg

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