Gusmanov Arnur, Zhakhina Gulnur, Yerdessov Sauran, Sakko Yesbolat, Mussina Kamilla, Alimbayev Aidar, Syssoyev Dmitriy, Sarria-Santamera Antonio, Gaipov Abduzhappar
Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Kerey and Zhanibek Khans Street 5/1, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Kerey and Zhanibek Khans Street 5/1, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Int J Med Inform. 2023 Feb;170:104950. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104950. Epub 2022 Dec 7.
A 'learning healthcare system', based on electronic health records and other routinely collected healthcare data, would allow Real World Data (RWD) to be continuously fed into the system, ensuring that with every new patient treated, we know more overall about the practice of medicine. A judicious use of RWD would complement the traditional evidence from clinical research, for the benefit of all stakeholders involved in healthcare. Lack of data on disease epidemiology in Kazakhstan resonates with lower life expectancy and poorer health indicators compared to countries with analogous income per capita. Usage of primary data collection methods to fill these gaps require additional financial and human resources. Usage of big data, which is routinely collected though healthcare information systems, is considered as a competitive alternative in described circumstances.
Development of the Unified National Electronic Healthcare System (UNEHS) in Kazakhstan allowed the creation of research databases to investigate epidemiology of numerous diseases. UNEHS research databases endorse extensive research activities due to a prospective follow-up, coverage of the whole Kazakhstani population and relatively lower expenses to conduct epidemiological studies. This review paper aims to introduce the content and descriptive data on research databases on population-based registries of UNEHS and to discuss opportunities and limitations of its usage.
UNEHS databases include medical data on 36.4% of an adult population of Kazakhstan. Research databases presented in this paper contain critical variables that can be utilized for investigation of disease epidemiology, effectiveness of provided medical procedures and infectious disease epidemiology. A few examples accompany a detailed elaboration on the possibilities of research database utilization in epidemiological research.
Considering numerous advantages, the UNEHS research databases are expected to greatly contribute to healthcare in Kazakhstan by providing critical data on disease epidemiology. To warrant long-term usage and high research output several concerns and limitations should be addressed as well.
基于电子健康记录和其他常规收集的医疗数据的“学习型医疗系统”，将使真实世界数据（RWD）持续输入该系统，确保随着每一位新患者的治疗，我们对医学实践有更全面的了解。合理使用真实世界数据将补充临床研究的传统证据，造福于医疗保健领域的所有利益相关者。与人均收入类似的国家相比，哈萨克斯坦缺乏疾病流行病学数据，这与较低的预期寿命和较差的健康指标相呼应。使用原始数据收集方法来填补这些空白需要额外的财政和人力资源。在上述情况下，通过医疗信息系统常规收集的大数据被视为一种有竞争力的替代方案。
哈萨克斯坦统一国家电子医疗系统（UNEHS）的开发使得能够创建研究数据库，以调查多种疾病的流行病学。UNEHS研究数据库支持广泛的研究活动，因为它进行前瞻性随访、覆盖哈萨克斯坦全体人口，并且进行流行病学研究的费用相对较低。本综述旨在介绍UNEHS基于人群登记的研究数据库的内容和描述性数据，并讨论其使用的机会和局限性。
UNEHS数据库包含哈萨克斯坦36.4%成年人口的医疗数据。本文介绍的研究数据库包含可用于调查疾病流行病学、所提供医疗程序的有效性和传染病流行病学的关键变量。文中列举了一些例子，详细阐述了研究数据库在流行病学研究中的利用可能性。
考虑到诸多优势，预计UNEHS研究数据库将通过提供疾病流行病学的关键数据，为哈萨克斯坦的医疗保健做出巨大贡献。为确保长期使用和高研究产出，还应解决一些问题和局限性。
