Wille Klara, Richard Aline, Nieters Alexandra, Rohrmann Sabine, Quack Lötscher Katharina
Department of Obstetrics University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland.
Epidemiology Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.
Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Aug 5;10(12):4201-4208. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3013. eCollection 2022 Dec.
During pregnancy, vitamin D deficiency is associated with negative health consequences for mother and child. Furthermore, dark skin color is associated with lower vitamin D levels. We investigated 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in mothers and in cord blood of their newborns depending on maternal skin color. We recruited 202 mother and child pairs at the University Hospital Zurich and measured 25(OH)D and PTH concentrations in maternal and postpartum umbilical cord blood. Skin type was self-reported based on the Fitzpatrick Scale (type I to V). Uni- and multivariate methods were used to compare the maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D and PTH levels by skin type (light: I-III vs. dark: IV-V). As many as 54.5% of all mothers and 41.1% of the neonates were 25(OH)D deficient. This was higher in the neonates of dark-skinned (55.9%) than in the neonates of light-skinned mothers (38.1%; = .06). The correlation of 25(OH)D in the maternal with umbilical cord blood was high (light: r = 0.85, dark: r = 0.87), with higher concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D in the umbilical cord than in maternal blood. Regression analysis revealed that country of origin and maternal 25(OH)D concentration were the only statistically significant determinants for umbilical cord blood 25(OH)D. We observed no correlation of maternal with umbilical cord PTH concentrations; median PTH concentrations in the umbilical cord (5.6 pg/ml) were significantly lower than in maternal blood (25.7 pg/ml). The recommendation of vitamin D supplementation in newborns in their first 3 years of life should be particularly emphasized to dark-skinned mothers.
孕期维生素D缺乏会对母婴健康产生不良影响。此外，肤色较深与维生素D水平较低有关。我们根据母亲的肤色调查了母亲及其新生儿脐带血中25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）和甲状旁腺激素（PTH）的水平。我们在苏黎世大学医院招募了202对母婴，并测量了母亲和产后脐带血中25(OH)D和PTH的浓度。皮肤类型根据菲茨帕特里克量表（I型至V型）自我报告。采用单变量和多变量方法，按皮肤类型（浅色：I-III型与深色：IV-V型）比较母亲和新生儿的25(OH)D和PTH水平。所有母亲中有54.5%、新生儿中有41.1%存在25(OH)D缺乏。深色皮肤母亲的新生儿中这一比例（55.9%）高于浅色皮肤母亲的新生儿（38.1%；P = 0.06）。母亲血液与脐带血中25(OH)D的相关性很高（浅色：r = 0.85，深色：r = 0.87），脐带血中25(OH)维生素D的浓度高于母亲血液中的浓度。回归分析显示，出生国家和母亲的25(OH)D浓度是脐带血25(OH)D仅有的具有统计学意义的决定因素。我们未观察到母亲与脐带血PTH浓度之间的相关性；脐带血中PTH的中位数浓度（5.6 pg/ml）显著低于母亲血液中的浓度（25.7 pg/ml）。对于深色皮肤的母亲，应特别强调在新生儿出生后的前3年补充维生素D的建议。
