Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Biochimie. 2023 Jun;209:20-36. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.12.007. Epub 2022 Dec 17.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease and has periods of recurrence and remission. Improper immune responses to gut flora bacteria, along with genetic susceptibility, appear to be involved in causing this complex disease. It seems dysbiosis and oxidative stress may also be involved in IBD pathogenesis. A significant number of clinical studies have shown an interesting association between sleep disturbances and IBD. Studies in animal models have also shown that sleep deprivation has a significant effect on the pathogenesis of IBD and can aggravate inflammation. These interesting findings have drawn attention to melatonin, a sleep-related hormone. Melatonin is mainly produced by the pineal gland, but many tissues in the body, including the intestines, can produce it. Melatonin can have an interesting effect on the pathogenesis of IBD. Melatonin can enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier, alter the composition of intestinal bacteria in favor of bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties, regulate the immune response, alleviate inflammation and attenuate oxidative stress. It seems that, melatonin supplementation is effective in relieving inflammation and healing intestinal ulcers in IBD animal models. Some clinical studies have also shown that melatonin supplementation as an adjuvant therapy may be helpful in reducing disease activity in IBD patients. In this review article, in addition to reviewing the effects of sleep disturbances and melatonin on key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of IBD, we will review the findings of clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin supplementation on IBD treatment.
炎症性肠病是一种慢性炎症性疾病，具有反复发作和缓解的特点。对肠道菌群细菌的异常免疫反应，以及遗传易感性，似乎都与导致这种复杂疾病有关。肠道菌群失调和氧化应激也可能与 IBD 的发病机制有关。大量的临床研究表明，睡眠障碍与 IBD 之间存在有趣的关联。动物模型研究还表明，睡眠剥夺对 IBD 的发病机制有显著影响，并可加重炎症。这些有趣的发现引起了人们对睡眠相关激素褪黑素的关注。褪黑素主要由松果体产生，但身体的许多组织，包括肠道，也可以产生它。褪黑素对 IBD 的发病机制有有趣的影响。褪黑素可以增强肠道黏膜屏障，改变肠道细菌的组成，有利于具有抗炎特性的细菌，调节免疫反应，缓解炎症和减轻氧化应激。似乎褪黑素补充剂在缓解 IBD 动物模型中的炎症和愈合肠道溃疡方面是有效的。一些临床研究还表明，褪黑素补充剂作为辅助治疗可能有助于减轻 IBD 患者的疾病活动。在这篇综述文章中，除了回顾睡眠障碍和褪黑素对 IBD 发病机制中关键机制的影响外，我们还将回顾关于褪黑素补充剂对 IBD 治疗影响的临床研究结果。
