Sorbi S, Piacentini S, Amaducci L
Department of Neurology, University of Florence, Italy.
Gerontology. 1987;33(3-4):197-202. doi: 10.1159/000212876.
The intralaminar distribution of choline acetyltransferase, galactocerebrosides, gangliosides and proteins were determined in frontal (Brodmann's area 9) and temporal (Brodmann's area 22) cortices from subjects with autopsy-proven Alzheimer's disease and controls matched for sex, age and postmortem delay. In normal brain choline acetyltransferase (CAT) activity was higher in the II and IV layers in the temporal cortex, while in frontal cortex CAT activity was relatively high in the II-III layer, appearing as a single peak. The intracortical distribution of galactocerebrosides normally shows a trend to a higher activity from the pial surface to white matter either in frontal or temporal cortices. Higher concentrations of gangliosides were associated with the cell body layers in either frontal or temporal cortices. In either frontal and temporal cortices from 5 patients with Alzheimer's disease the pattern of intralaminar distribution of CAT activity was completely disrupted and it was significantly lower than in all cortical layers of the controls. Galactocerebrosides concentration was significantly decreased in the lower layers (IV, V and VI) in both frontal and temporal cortices and ganglioside sialic acid concentration was also decreased in the Alzheimer brain consistently in the lower (III-IV) layers of the frontal and temporal cortices. These observations indicate a widespread involvement of cholinergic activities through all cortical layers. However, the selective decrease in galactocerebroside concentration in the lower layers (IV-VI) suggests a selective loss of ascending fibers from subcortical nuclei. The decreased concentration of ganglioside sialic acid in lower layers suggests a selective axodendritic degeneration in these laminae of frontal association and temporal cortex in Alzheimer's disease.
在经尸检证实患有阿尔茨海默病的受试者以及在性别、年龄和死后延迟时间相匹配的对照组的额叶（布罗德曼9区）和颞叶（布罗德曼22区）皮质中，测定了胆碱乙酰转移酶、半乳糖脑苷脂、神经节苷脂和蛋白质的层内分布情况。在正常大脑中，颞叶皮质的第II层和第IV层胆碱乙酰转移酶（CAT）活性较高，而在额叶皮质中，CAT活性在第II - III层相对较高，呈现为单峰。半乳糖脑苷脂的皮质内分布通常显示出从软脑膜表面到白质，无论是在额叶还是颞叶皮质，其活性都有升高的趋势。神经节苷脂的较高浓度与额叶或颞叶皮质的细胞体层相关。在5例阿尔茨海默病患者的额叶和颞叶皮质中，CAT活性的层内分布模式完全紊乱，且显著低于对照组的所有皮质层。额叶和颞叶皮质的较低层（第IV、V和VI层）半乳糖脑苷脂浓度显著降低，并且在阿尔茨海默病大脑中，额叶和颞叶皮质较低层（第III - IV层）的神经节苷脂唾液酸浓度也持续降低。这些观察结果表明胆碱能活动广泛累及所有皮质层。然而，较低层（第IV - VI层）半乳糖脑苷脂浓度的选择性降低表明皮质下核团的上行纤维选择性丧失。较低层神经节苷脂唾液酸浓度的降低表明在阿尔茨海默病中，额叶联合皮质和颞叶皮质的这些层中存在选择性轴突树突变性。
