Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale, Ghana.
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (UK) Limited, Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon CR0 9XP, UK.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Dec 5;13(12):2289. doi: 10.3390/genes13122289.
Information on the general combining ability of inbred lines and the specific combining ability of hybrid combinations is crucial for successful hybrid development. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the combining ability of thirty selected early maturing maize inbred lines under -infested and optimal environments, (ii) classify the inbred lines into heterotic groups using the general combining ability effects of multiple traits (HGCAMT) and the single nucleotide polymorphism genetic distance (SNP- GD) methods, and (iii) assess the effectiveness of the heterotic grouping methods. One hundred and fifty single-cross hybrids were generated from the thirty inbred lines using the North Carolina Design II mating method. The hybrids and six local check varieties were tested across optimal and -infested environments in Ghana and Nigeria in 2016 and 2017. The inheritance of grain yield was controlled by the non-additive gene action under both environments and the additive gene action across the two research environments. The non-additive gene action modulated the inheritance of measured traits under -infested environments, except for the damage syndrome rating at 8 weeks after planting. Maternal effects were observed for most traits in each environment and across environments. The inbred lines TZEI 127 and TZEI 40 exhibited significant and positive GCA male and female effects for grain yield under each environment and across the two research environments, indicating the presence of favorable alleles for yield improvements. The SNP-GD heterotic grouping method was identified as the most adequate in grouping the thirty inbred lines.
有关自交系的一般配合力和杂种组合的特殊配合力的信息对于成功的杂种选育至关重要。本研究的目的是：（i）在受侵染和最佳环境下确定 30 个早期成熟玉米自交系的配合力，（ii）使用多性状一般配合力效应（HGCAMT）和单核苷酸多态性遗传距离（SNP-GD）方法将自交系划分为杂种优势群，（iii）评估杂种优势群的方法的有效性。采用北卡罗来纳设计 II 交配法，从 30 个自交系中产生了 150 个单交杂种。这些杂种和 6 个当地对照品种于 2016 年和 2017 年在加纳和尼日利亚的最佳和受侵染环境下进行了测试。在两个环境下，粒产量的遗传由非加性基因作用控制，在两个研究环境下，由加性基因作用控制。非加性基因作用调节了受侵染环境下测定性状的遗传，除了种植后 8 周的损伤综合征评分。在每个环境和两个环境下，大多数性状都观察到母体效应。自交系 TZEI 127 和 TZEI 40 在每个环境和两个研究环境下均表现出显著的、正向的雌雄配合力对粒产量的影响，表明存在有利于提高产量的有利等位基因。SNP-GD 杂种优势群分组方法被确定为分组 30 个自交系最适宜的方法。
