Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Chenab, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 12;19(24):16690. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416690.
Pre-existing diabetes, hypertension and kidney disorders are prominent risk factors of pre-eclampsia (PE). It is a multifactorial pregnancy disorder associated with high blood pressure, proteinuria, and multiorgan failure, which develops after the 20th week of pregnancy. It is one of the most feared pregnancy disorders, as it consumes thousands of fetomaternal lives per annum. According to clinical and pathological studies, the placenta appears to be a key player in the pathogenesis of PE; however, the exact origin of this disorder is still under debate. Defective placentation and angiogenesis are the hallmarks of PE progression. This angiogenic imbalance, together with maternal susceptibility, might determine the severity and clinical presentation of PE. This article comprehensively examines the mechanisms of pathogenesis of PE and current evidence of the factors involved in its progression. Finally, this article will explore the genetic association of PE, various candidate genes, their proposed mechanisms and variants involved in its pathogenesis.
先前存在的糖尿病、高血压和肾脏疾病是子痫前期 (PE) 的突出危险因素。它是一种与高血压、蛋白尿和多器官衰竭相关的多因素妊娠疾病，发生在妊娠 20 周后。它是最令人恐惧的妊娠疾病之一，每年都会消耗数千名胎儿和产妇的生命。根据临床和病理研究，胎盘似乎是子痫前期发病机制中的关键因素；然而，这种疾病的确切起源仍存在争议。胎盘形成不良和血管生成是 PE 进展的标志。这种血管生成失衡，加上母体易感性，可能决定了 PE 的严重程度和临床表现。本文全面研究了 PE 的发病机制以及其进展中涉及的因素的现有证据。最后，本文将探讨 PE 的遗传关联、各种候选基因、它们在发病机制中涉及的建议机制和变体。
