College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Institute of Urban Planning and Tourism Landscape Design, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 13;19(24):16718. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416718.
The level of sustainable livelihoods, as a yardstick for measuring the social development of migrants, is of great importance to the sustainable development of the region. Based on the analysis of the policy logic of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin, this paper constructs a "ternary" system model and evaluation index system for sustainable livelihoods of farm households in the ecological resettlement areas of the upper Yellow River, and proposes that the harmonious relationship between the three basic dimensions of economy, society and environment is the key to evaluate the sustainable livelihood level of farm households in ecological resettlement areas. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index to assess the comprehensive development level of ecological resettlement areas, we introduced the coupling coordination degree and constructed the coordinated development degree model of "economic-social-environmental" system to characterize the sustainable livelihood level. Through the data of 1116 questionnaires and in-depth interviews in the ecological migrant resettlement area of Liujiaxia reservoir in the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin, the sustainable livelihood status and spatial distribution differences of farm households in 14 townships in the region were evaluated, and the validity of the indicator system was empirically tested. Finally, sustainable livelihood strategies for farm households in the ecological resettlement areas of the upper Yellow River are proposed for the economic, social and environmental dimensions, and the indicator system is further revised. The evaluation system can not only advance the research paradigm of sustainable livelihood assessment for farmers in ecological migrant resettlement areas but can also be widely guided and applied to the sustainable development of ecological migrant practices in China.
可持续生计水平作为衡量移民社会发展的标尺，对区域的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于对黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展政策逻辑的分析，构建了黄河上游生态移民安置区农户可持续生计的“三元”系统模型和评价指标体系，并提出了经济、社会和环境三个基本维度的和谐关系是评价生态移民安置区农户可持续生计水平的关键。基于综合评价指标评估生态移民安置区的综合发展水平，引入耦合协调度并构建“经济-社会-环境”系统的协调发展度模型，以刻画可持续生计水平。通过对黄河上游刘家峡水库生态移民安置区 1116 份问卷和深入访谈的数据，对该地区 14 个乡镇农户的可持续生计状况和空间分布差异进行了评价，并对指标体系进行了实证检验。最后，从经济、社会和环境三个维度为黄河上游生态移民安置区农户提出了可持续生计策略，并进一步修订了指标体系。该评价体系不仅可以推进生态移民安置区农户可持续生计评估的研究范式，还可以广泛指导和应用于中国生态移民实践的可持续发展。
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