Tomanović Željko, Kavallieratos Nickolas G, Ye Zhengpei, Nika Erifili P, Petrović Andjeljko, Vollhardt Ines M G, Vorburger Christoph
Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade, 16 Studentski trg, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Insects. 2022 Dec 12;13(12):1142. doi: 10.3390/insects13121142.
Cereals are very common and widespread crops in Europe. Aphids are a diverse group of herbivorous pests on cereals and one of the most important limiting factors of cereal production. Here, we present an overview of knowledge about the taxonomy, biodiversity, and ecology of cereal aphid parasitoids in Europe, an important group of natural enemies contributing to cereal aphid control. We review the knowledge obtained from the integrative taxonomy of 26 cereal aphid primary parasitoid species, including two allochthonous species ( and ) and two recently described species ( and ). We further review 28 hyperparasitoid species belonging to three hymenopteran superfamilies and four families (Ceraphronoidea: Megaspillidae; Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae, Encyrtidae; Cynipoidea: Figitidae). We also compile knowledge on the presence of secondary endosymbionts in cereal aphids, as these are expected to influence the community composition and biocontrol efficiency of cereal aphid parasitoids. To study aphid-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid food webs more effectively, we present two kinds of DNA-based approach: (i) diagnostic PCR (mainly multiplex PCR), and (ii) DNA sequence-based methods. Finally, we also review the effects of landscape complexity on the different trophic levels in the food webs of cereal aphids and their associated parasitoids, as well as the impacts of agricultural practices and environmental variation.
谷物是欧洲非常常见且分布广泛的作物。蚜虫是谷物上种类繁多的食草性害虫，也是谷物生产最重要的限制因素之一。在此，我们概述了欧洲谷物蚜虫寄生蜂的分类学、生物多样性和生态学知识，这是有助于控制谷物蚜虫的一类重要天敌。我们回顾了从26种谷物蚜虫初级寄生蜂物种的综合分类学中获得的知识，包括两种外来物种（和）以及两种最近描述的物种（和）。我们还回顾了属于膜翅目三个总科和四个科（角腹细蜂总科：巨溢细蜂科；小蜂总科：金小蜂科、恩蚜小蜂科；瘿蜂总科：枝跗瘿蜂科）的28种重寄生蜂物种。我们还汇编了关于谷物蚜虫中次生内共生菌存在情况的知识，因为预计这些会影响谷物蚜虫寄生蜂的群落组成和生物防治效率。为了更有效地研究蚜虫 - 寄生蜂 - 重寄生蜂食物网，我们介绍了两种基于DNA的方法：（i）诊断性PCR（主要是多重PCR），以及（ii）基于DNA序列的方法。最后，我们还回顾了景观复杂性对谷物蚜虫及其相关寄生蜂食物网中不同营养级的影响，以及农业实践和环境变化的影响。
