Maričić Branka, Brkljača Mia, Ban Dean, Palčić Igor, Franin Kristijan, Marcelić Šime, Goreta Ban Smiljana
Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
Mia Brkljača, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
Life (Basel). 2022 Dec 19;12(12):2145. doi: 10.3390/life12122145.
One of the limiting factors in organic farming is the scarcity of allowed fertilizers and chemicals for plant protection. Plant and compost extracts are a promising solution for fertilization because of their positive effect on plant growth and soil microbial activity. Nettle extract was already successfully applied to some vegetables. Not-aerated nettle extract, obtained from dry nettle leaves, was applied in experiments with green beans in a quantity of 1 L per pot at two-day intervals was studied. A three-factorial experimental design was applied with two soil types (brown-Calcic Gleysol and red-Eutric Cambisol), soil disinfection with dazomet or not, and irrigated with nettle extract or water. Nettle extract application increased all above-ground traits; plant height, leaf area, flower buds, shoot dry weight at flowering, pod length, pod diameter, and shoot dry weight at harvest by 49%, 66%, 43%, 36%, 11%, 9%, and 37%, respectively, the root length at harvest by 59%, total yield by 48%, soil respiration by 91% and 74% in two soil types, and alkaline phosphatase by 30%. Dehydrogenase activity was enhanced by nettle extract application on red soil, while nettle extract application had no effect on root nodulation. The nettle extract application benefits in green bean organic production were attributed to the nutrients and other components present in the extract and not to nitrogen fixation. The optimization of the dose of the extract and experiments in real conditions of green bean production would be the next step toward the implementation of nettle extract as an organic fertilizer.
有机农业的限制因素之一是允许使用的肥料和植物保护化学品稀缺。植物提取物和堆肥提取物因其对植物生长和土壤微生物活性的积极影响，是一种很有前景的施肥解决方案。荨麻提取物已成功应用于一些蔬菜。从干燥的荨麻叶中获得的未曝气荨麻提取物，以每盆1升的量，每隔两天施用于绿豆实验中进行研究。采用三因素实验设计，有两种土壤类型（棕色石灰性潜育土和红色富铁始成土），土壤用棉隆消毒与否，并用荨麻提取物或水灌溉。施用荨麻提取物增加了所有地上部性状；株高、叶面积、花芽、开花期地上部干重、荚长、荚直径和收获期地上部干重分别增加了49%、66%、43%、36%、11%、9%和37%，收获期根长增加了59%，总产量增加了48%，两种土壤类型的土壤呼吸分别增加了91%和74%，碱性磷酸酶增加了30%。在红壤上施用荨麻提取物提高了脱氢酶活性，而施用荨麻提取物对根瘤形成没有影响。在绿豆有机生产中施用荨麻提取物的益处归因于提取物中存在的养分和其他成分，而不是固氮作用。优化提取物剂量并在绿豆实际生产条件下进行试验，将是朝着将荨麻提取物作为有机肥料实施的下一步。
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