How do clean fuels and technology-based energy poverty affect carbon emissions? New evidence from eighteen developing countries.

Clean fuels and technology-based energy is an essential source to achieve sustainable economic growth and development. Therefore, the relationship between all types of poverty and other socioeconomic indicators has been studied extensively; nevertheless, clean fuels and technology-based energy poverty, adjusted for carbon emissions, has not been studied. The current study examines the impact of clean fuels and technology-based energy poverty on carbon emissions (Co2e). Using System-Generalized Method of Movement (SGMM) estimators, this study utilized panel data from eighteen developing countries in Asia from 2006 to 2017. The empirical findings obtained from econometric model suggest the presence of clean fuels and technology-based energy poverty and its curse on environment, i.e., energy poverty positively affects Co2e growth in Asian developing countries. Furthermore, economic growth (GDP), trade, and population are also positively associated with Co2e growth and negatively affect environmental quality. Based on the empirical findings of the current study, we recommend robust policy implications that the governments of targeted countries should invest more to increase clean fuels and technologies.