Department of Women's and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Womens Health. 2022 Dec 26;22(1):549. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-02143-9.
The period of youth is important for the foundation of healthy and stable relationships, women's health and well-being. Youth women face a higher risk of experiencing violence than older women. Intimate partner violence (IPV) against youth women is a significant public health concern. Despite paramount negative health consequences of IPV for the survivor, as per our knowledge, research study on IPV and associated factors among youth women in Ethiopia is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of IPV among youth women in Ethiopia.
The data was accessed from 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey (EDHS) which was a cross sectional population based household survey. It was also conducted using a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling approach. The data were cleaned, weighted, and analyzed using STATA Version 14 software. The total weighted sample of 1077 youth women were used in this study. Multilevel logistic regression modeling was used to determine factors associated with IPV among youth women. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value < 0.05 were used to declare the significant variables.
Among the total participants, 30.27% (95% CI 27.59, 33.09) of youth women experienced IPV. Individual level variables such as: Being widowed/divorced/separated (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.33, 3.91), having a partner who drinks alcohol (AOR = 5.76; 95% CI 3.42, 9.69), witnessing inter-parental violence during childhood (AOR = 3.45; 95% CI 2.21, 5.37), being afraid of partners (AOR = 7.09; 95% CI 4.30, 11.68), and from community level variables, youth women residing in communities with a low proportion of educated youth women (AOR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13, 0.78) were significantly associated with having experience of IPV.
The magnitude of intimate partner violence among youth women in Ethiopia was relatively high as compared to the global estimate of IPV. Individual and community level variables such as currently widowed/divorced/separated women, having a partner who drinks alcohol, witnessing inter-parental violence, being afraid of partner, and women from a low proportion of community level youth women's education were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. To decrease this public health problem, it is better to strengthen legislation on the purchase and sale of alcohol, provide legal protection for separated/divorced women, establish effective legal response services for IPV, promote gender equality, and provide psychological support for those who witnessed inter-parental violence during childhood to reduce IPV.
青年时期是奠定健康稳定关系、女性健康和福祉基础的重要时期。青年女性比老年女性面临更高的遭受暴力的风险。亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是一个严重的公共卫生问题。尽管 IPV 对幸存者造成了极大的负面健康后果，但据我们所知，针对埃塞俄比亚青年女性的 IPV 及其相关因素的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚青年女性中 IPV 的发生情况及其相关因素。
数据来自 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS），这是一项基于人口的横断面家庭调查。它还采用了多阶段分层随机聚类抽样方法进行。数据经过清理、加权，并使用 STATA 版本 14 软件进行分析。本研究共使用了 1077 名青年女性的总加权样本。使用多水平逻辑回归模型来确定与青年女性 IPV 相关的因素。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间（CI）以及 p 值<0.05 来确定显著变量。
在总参与者中，30.27%（95%CI 27.59, 33.09）的青年女性经历过 IPV。个体水平的变量，如丧偶/离婚/分居（AOR=2.28；95%CI 1.33, 3.91）、伴侣饮酒（AOR=5.76；95%CI 3.42, 9.69）、童年时目睹父母间暴力（AOR=3.45；95%CI 2.21, 5.37）、害怕伴侣（AOR=7.09；95%CI 4.30, 11.68），以及社区水平的变量，如居住在青年女性受教育程度较低社区的青年女性（AOR=0.31；95%CI 0.13, 0.78），与经历 IPV 显著相关。
与全球 IPV 估计相比，埃塞俄比亚青年女性中亲密伴侣暴力的发生率相对较高。个体和社区水平的变量，如目前丧偶/离婚/分居的妇女、有饮酒伴侣、目睹父母间暴力、害怕伴侣、以及社区中受教育程度较低的青年女性比例，与亲密伴侣暴力显著相关。为了减少这一公共卫生问题，最好加强关于购买和销售酒精的立法，为离婚/分居妇女提供法律保护，为 IPV 建立有效的法律应对服务，促进性别平等，并为那些在童年时目睹父母间暴力的人提供心理支持，以减少 IPV。
