Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde, ISCISA, Maputo, Mozambique.
School of Nursing and Public Health, Discipline of Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 9;15(12):e0243304. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243304. eCollection 2020.
In many countries, there is evidence that intimate partner violence is prevalent among young women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with intimate partner violence in young women (aged 15-24 years) attending secondary schools in Maputo, Mozambique.
Using a probability proportional sampling strategy, 431 participants were recruited, and the data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between IPV and sociodemographic and sociocultural factors. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported.
Of the 413 participants, 248 (60%) (95% CI: 55.15-64.61) had experienced at least one form of IPV in their lifetime. Then, of the 293 participants who had a partner in the previous 12 months prior to the data collection, 186 (63.4%) (95% CI: 57.68-69.00) reported IPV in the 12 months prior to data collection. The psychological violence was the predominant type of violence, lifetime prevalence 230 (55.7%), and over the previous 12 months 164 (55.9%). The risk of IPV was associated with young women lacking religious commitment (AOR, 1.596, 95% CI: 1.009-2.525, p = 0.046) and if the head of the young women's household was unemployed (AOR, 1.642 95% CI: 1.044-2.584, p = 0.032). In the bivariate analysis the odds of being abused remained lower among the younger teenage women (OR, 0.458 95% CI: 0.237-0.888, p = 0.021), and higher, among young women if the partner was employed (OR, 2.247 95% CI: 1.187-4.256, p = 0.013) and among the young women believing that males are superior to females (OR, 2.298 95% CI:1.014-5.210. p = 0.046).
These findings reveal a high prevalence of IPV among young women. Comprehensive programs should incorporate socioeconomic empowerment strategies to increase women's autonomy. There is a need to address religious beliefs through cultural perspectives, to improve social interactions that promote violence free relationships, gender egalitarian norms, and physical and emotional wellbeing for young women.
在许多国家，有证据表明亲密伴侣暴力在年轻女性中普遍存在。本研究旨在确定莫桑比克马普托市中学就读的年轻女性（15-24 岁）中亲密伴侣暴力的流行率及其相关因素。
采用概率比例抽样策略，招募了 431 名参与者，使用自填式问卷收集数据。采用二项和多变量逻辑回归分析评估亲密伴侣暴力与社会人口学和社会文化因素之间的关联。报告比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在 413 名参与者中，248 名（60%）（95%CI：55.15-64.61）在其一生中至少经历过一种形式的亲密伴侣暴力。然后，在 293 名在数据收集前的 12 个月内有伴侣的参与者中，186 名（63.4%）（95%CI：57.68-69.00）报告在数据收集前的 12 个月内发生过亲密伴侣暴力。心理暴力是主要的暴力类型，终身患病率为 230 例（55.7%），过去 12 个月为 164 例（55.9%）。亲密伴侣暴力的风险与年轻女性缺乏宗教信仰（AOR，1.596，95%CI：1.009-2.525，p=0.046）和年轻女性家庭的户主失业（AOR，1.642 95%CI：1.044-2.584，p=0.032）有关。在单变量分析中，年轻少女被虐待的几率较低（OR，0.458 95%CI：0.237-0.888，p=0.021），而年轻女性的伴侣如果就业（OR，2.247 95%CI：1.187-4.256，p=0.013）和年轻女性认为男性优于女性（OR，2.298 95%CI：1.014-5.210，p=0.046），则被虐待的几率更高。
这些发现表明年轻女性中亲密伴侣暴力的流行率很高。综合方案应纳入社会经济赋权战略，以提高妇女的自主权。需要通过文化视角解决宗教信仰问题，以改善促进无暴力关系、性别平等规范以及年轻女性身心健康的社会互动。
