Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey.
Environ Res. 2023 Mar 1;220:115153. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115153. Epub 2022 Dec 24.
This study reports a versatile process for the fabrication of a microporous heterogeneous palladium nanocatalyst on a novel spherical, biodegradable, and chemically/physically resistant catalyst support consisting of chitosan (CS) and cigarette waste-derived activated carbon (CAC). The physicochemical properties of the microporous Pd-CS-CAC nanocatalyst developed were successfully determined by FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, BET, and EDS techniques. TEM studies showed that the average particle size of the synthesized Pd NPs was about 30 nm. The catalytic prowess of microporous Pd-CS-CAC was evaluated in the reduction/decolorization of various nitroarenes (2-nitroaniline (2-NA), 4-nitroaniline (4-NA), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (4-NPD)) and organic dyes (methyl red (MR), methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), congo red (CR), and rhodamine B (RhB)) in an aqueous medium in the presence of NaBH as the reducing agent at room temperature. The catalytic activities were studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy of the supernatant at regular time intervals. The short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency (100% conversion), easy separation, and excellent chemical stability of the catalyst due to its heterogeneity and reusability are the advantages of this method. The results of the tests showed that reduction/decolorization reactions were successfully carried out within 10-140 s due to the good catalytic ability of Pd-CS-CAC. Moreover, Pd-CS-CAC was reused for 5 consecutive times with no loss of the initial shape, size, and morphology, confirming that it was a sustainable and robust nanocatalyst.
本研究报告了一种多功能的方法，用于在由壳聚糖 (CS) 和香烟废物衍生的活性炭 (CAC) 组成的新型球形、可生物降解、化学/物理抗性的催化剂载体上制备微孔多相钯纳米催化剂。通过 FTIR、XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、BET 和 EDS 技术成功确定了所开发的微孔 Pd-CS-CAC 纳米催化剂的物理化学性质。TEM 研究表明，合成的 Pd NPs 的平均粒径约为 30nm。在水相中，以硼氢化钠 (NaBH) 为还原剂，在室温下，评价了微孔 Pd-CS-CAC 在还原/脱色各种硝基芳烃 (2-硝基苯胺 (2-NA)、4-硝基苯胺 (4-NA)、4-硝基苯酚 (4-NP) 和 4-硝基邻苯二胺 (4-NPD)) 和有机染料 (甲基红 (MR)、甲基橙 (MO)、亚甲基蓝 (MB)、刚果红 (CR) 和罗丹明 B (RhB)) 方面的催化性能。通过定期间隔的上清液的紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了催化活性。由于催化剂的异质性和可重复使用性，该方法具有反应时间短、反应条件温和、效率高 (转化率为 100%)、易于分离和良好的化学稳定性等优点。测试结果表明，由于 Pd-CS-CAC 的良好催化能力，还原/脱色反应可在 10-140s 内成功进行。此外，Pd-CS-CAC 连续重复使用 5 次，其初始形状、尺寸和形态没有损失，证实它是一种可持续和坚固的纳米催化剂。
