Wei Shuhui, Qiu Liguo, Ru Shaoguo, Yang Yang, Wang Jun, Zhang Xiaona
Marine Life Science College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong province, PR China.
Marine Life Science College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong province, PR China.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2023 Feb;172:113588. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113588. Epub 2022 Dec 24.
Bisphenol S (BPS) is extensively used in "bisphenol A-free" products such as baby bottles. Although the visual toxicity of BPS has been reported, the underlying mechanism was largely unknown. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to 0, 4 and 400 nM BPS from 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 120 hpf to further explore the thyroid disruption mechanism underlying the BPS induced impairment of visual function. The results showed that BPS decreased T3 levels in larval eyes, induced retinal expression of thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ), and thereby down-regulated the expression of TH-mediated opsin genes (opn1lw1, opn1lw2, opn1mw1, opn1mw2, opn1mw3, and opn1sw2) and impaired subsequent phototransduction pathways, leading to decreased visually mediated phototactic response and body color adaptation but stimulated visual motor response (VMR). Combining exposure of exogenous T3 or 1-850 (antagonist for TRβ) with BPS could partly compensate the inhibited expression of opsin genes (opn1mw2, opn1lw1, and opn1lw2) and alleviate the hyperactivity of larval VMR caused by BPS alone, suggesting that BPS disrupted the opsins expression and also light-sensing function via antagonizing TH-TRβ signaling pathway. This study underlined the importance of TH signaling in regulating the proper vision and proposed a novel mechanism for the visual toxicity of BPS.
双酚S(BPS)被广泛应用于婴儿奶瓶等“不含双酚A”的产品中。尽管已有报道称BPS具有视觉毒性,但其潜在机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在本研究中,将斑马鱼从受精后2小时(hpf)至120 hpf暴露于0、4和400 nM的BPS中,以进一步探究BPS诱导视觉功能损伤的甲状腺干扰机制。结果表明,BPS降低了幼体眼睛中的T3水平,诱导了甲状腺激素受体β(TRβ)的视网膜表达,从而下调了TH介导的视蛋白基因(opn1lw1、opn1lw2、opn1mw1、opn1mw2、opn1mw3和opn1sw2)的表达,并损害了随后的光转导途径,导致视觉介导的趋光反应和体色适应能力下降,但刺激了视觉运动反应(VMR)。将外源性T3或1-850(TRβ拮抗剂)与BPS联合暴露可部分补偿视蛋白基因(opn1mw2、opn1lw1和opn1lw2)的表达抑制,并减轻单独使用BPS引起的幼体VMR多动,这表明BPS通过拮抗TH-TRβ信号通路破坏了视蛋白表达以及光感功能。本研究强调了TH信号在调节正常视觉中的重要性,并提出了BPS视觉毒性的新机制。