The role of cyclin Y in normal and pathological cells.

The family protein of cyclins, as well as cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) cooperating with them, are broadly researched, as a matter of their dysfunction may lead to tumor transformation. Cyclins are defined as key regulators that have a controlling function of the mammalian nuclear cell divides. Cyclin Y (CCNY) is a recently characterized member of the cyclin family and was first identified from the human testis cDNA library. It is an actin-binding protein acting through decreased actin dynamics at a steady state and during glycine-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) and involves the inhibition of cofilin activation. What is more, CCNY is a positive regulatory subunit of the CDK14/PFTK1 complexes affected by the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in the G2/M phase by recruiting CDK14/PFTK1 to the plasma membrane and promoting phosphorylation of LRP6. The expression of CCNY has been significantly mentioned within the cell migration and invasion activity both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this review is evaluation of the expression of CCNY in the physiology processes and compare the expression of this protein in cancer cells, taking into account the impact of the level of expression on tumor progression.