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甲苯咪唑通过降低 ITGβ4 表达和肿瘤干性部分预防远处器官转移。

Mebendazole prevents distant organ metastases in part by decreasing ITGβ4 expression and cancer stemness.

机构信息

Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.

Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.

出版信息

Breast Cancer Res. 2022 Dec 28;24(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s13058-022-01591-3.

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women. Approximately 15-20% of all breast cancers are highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and lack estrogen, progesterone, and ERBB2 receptors. TNBC is challenging to treat due to its aggressive nature with far fewer targeted therapies than other breast cancer subtypes. Current treatments for patients with TNBC consist of cytotoxic chemotherapies, surgery, radiation, and in some instances PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy. To advance current therapeutics, we repurposed mebendazole (MBZ), an orally available FDA-approved anthelmintic that has shown preclinical efficacy for cancers. MBZ has low toxicity in humans and efficacy in multiple cancer models including breast cancer, glioblastoma multiforme, medulloblastoma, colon cancer, pancreatic and thyroid cancer. MBZ was well-tolerated in a phase I clinical trial of adults recently diagnosed with glioma. We determined that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) of MBZ in four breast cancer cell lines is well within the range reported for other types of cancer. MBZ reduced TNBC cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and caused G2/M cell cycle arrest. MBZ reduced the size of primary tumors and prevented lung and liver metastases. In addition, we uncovered a novel mechanism of action for MBZ. We found that MBZ reduces integrin β4 (ITGβ4) expression and cancer stem cell properties. ITGβ4 has previously been implicated in promoting "cancer stemness," which may contribute to the efficacy of MBZ. Collectively, our results contribute to a growing body of evidence suggesting that MBZ should be considered as a therapeutic to slow tumor progression and prevent metastasis.

摘要

乳腺癌是女性最常见的癌症。大约 15-20%的乳腺癌为高度侵袭性三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC),缺乏雌激素、孕激素和 ERBB2 受体。由于其侵袭性强,比其他乳腺癌亚型靶向治疗药物少得多,因此 TNBC 治疗具有挑战性。目前 TNBC 患者的治疗方法包括细胞毒性化疗、手术、放疗,在某些情况下还包括 PARP 抑制剂和免疫疗法。为了推进当前的治疗方法,我们重新利用了苯并咪唑(MBZ),这是一种口服可用的 FDA 批准的驱虫药,已显示出对癌症的临床前疗效。MBZ 在人类中的毒性低,在包括乳腺癌、胶质母细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、结肠癌、胰腺癌和甲状腺癌在内的多种癌症模型中均具有疗效。MBZ 在最近一项针对新诊断为胶质母细胞瘤的成年人的 I 期临床试验中耐受性良好。我们确定 MBZ 在四种乳腺癌细胞系中的半最大抑制浓度(IC)在报告的其他类型癌症的范围内。MBZ 可降低 TNBC 细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,并导致 G2/M 细胞周期停滞。MBZ 可缩小原发性肿瘤的大小,并预防肺和肝转移。此外,我们还揭示了 MBZ 的一种新作用机制。我们发现 MBZ 可降低整合素β4(ITGβ4)的表达和癌症干细胞特性。此前,ITGβ4 被认为可促进“癌症干性”,这可能有助于 MBZ 的疗效。总的来说,我们的研究结果为越来越多的证据表明 MBZ 应该被考虑作为一种治疗方法来减缓肿瘤进展和预防转移提供了依据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e998/9798635/073afee6a614/13058_2022_1591_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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