Newton Emma E, Mueller Lauren E, Treadwell Scout M, Morris Cindy A, Machado Heather L
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jan 18;14(3):482. doi: 10.3390/cancers14030482.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer. Due to its heterogeneity and lack of hormone receptor expression, this subtype is more likely to metastasize and resist treatment attempts than are other forms of breast cancer. Due to the absence of targetable receptors, chemotherapy and breast conserving surgery have been the predominant treatment options for patients. However, resistance to chemotherapy and local recurrence of the tumors is frequent. Emerging immunotherapies have begun to change treatment plans for patients diagnosed with TNBC. In this review, we discuss the various immune pathways identified in TNBC and the role they play as targets for new potential treatment choices. Various therapeutic options that inhibit key pathways in cellular growth cycles, DNA repair mechanisms, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and immunosuppression have been shown to improve survival in patients with this disease. With promising results thus far, continued studies of immunotherapy and neoadjuvant therapy options for TNBC are likely to alter the treatment course for these diagnoses in the future.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是一种侵袭性很强的乳腺癌。由于其异质性以及缺乏激素受体表达，这种亚型比其他形式的乳腺癌更易发生转移且更难治疗。由于缺乏可靶向的受体，化疗和保乳手术一直是患者的主要治疗选择。然而，肿瘤对化疗的耐药性和局部复发很常见。新兴的免疫疗法已开始改变TNBC患者的治疗方案。在本综述中，我们讨论了TNBC中识别出的各种免疫途径以及它们作为新的潜在治疗选择靶点所起的作用。已证明，抑制细胞生长周期、DNA修复机制、上皮间质转化和免疫抑制等关键途径的各种治疗选择可提高该疾病患者的生存率。鉴于目前已取得的令人鼓舞的结果，对TNBC免疫疗法和新辅助治疗选择的持续研究可能会在未来改变这些诊断的治疗进程。
