黎巴嫩民众对过期和未使用药品处理的知识、态度及实践评估。
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the disposal of expired and unused medications among the Lebanese population.
作者信息
Hajj Aline, Domiati Souraya, Haddad Chadia, Sacre Hala, Akl Maria, Akel Marwan, Tawil Samah, Abramian Soula, Zeenny Rony M, Hodeib Fadi, Salameh Pascale
机构信息
Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
出版信息
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2022 Dec 30;15(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s40545-022-00506-z.
BACKGROUND
Medication waste is a public health problem affecting developed and developing countries. In Lebanon, a developing country in the Middle East, efforts are being deployed in hospitals but not in the community.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to validate a questionnaire to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards the disposal of unused and expired medicines among the Lebanese population and then identify the factors associated with these variables comparatively between the general population and healthcare professionals.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general Lebanese population in May-June 2022 using a standardized questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the KAP scales were assessed, then a thorough statistical analysis was done to explore the factors associated with these scales.
RESULTS
The KAP scales generated by this study were valid and reliable. Using these scales, 24.5%, 22.6%, and 21% of participants demonstrated proper knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. Higher knowledge scores were significantly associated with female gender (Beta = 0.97), a high monthly income (Beta = 1.68), a secondary (Beta = 6.11) or university (Beta = 6.80) education level, and postgraduate education (Beta = 7.13). However, older age (Beta = - 0.06) and a low monthly income (Beta = - 3.06) were significantly associated with lower knowledge scores. A higher knowledge score (Beta = 0.06) was significantly associated with a more positive attitude regarding unused or expired medication disposal. Being a healthcare professional (Beta = 0.72) was significantly associated with a higher practice score, while being a female (Beta = - 0.32) and living in a rural area (Beta = - 0.37) were significantly associated with lower practice scores.
CONCLUSION
This study validated KAP scales regarding medication waste in Lebanon and showed low KAP scores in the majority of respondents. Factors associated with higher KAP scores in various aspects of medication disposal, including gender, age, education level, and profession (healthcare professionals), suggest the need to consider those when implementing targeted corrective measures. Although further studies are required to confirm our findings, this study could be the ground for a medication waste management national strategy in Lebanon.
背景
药物浪费是一个影响发达国家和发展中国家的公共卫生问题。在中东的发展中国家黎巴嫩，医院正在做出努力，但社区层面却没有。
目的
本研究旨在验证一份问卷，以探究黎巴嫩民众对未使用和过期药品处置的知识、态度和实践（KAP）情况，然后比较普通人群和医疗保健专业人员中与这些变量相关的因素。
方法
2022年5月至6月，使用标准化问卷对黎巴嫩普通人群进行了一项横断面研究。评估了KAP量表的有效性和可靠性，然后进行了全面的统计分析，以探究与这些量表相关的因素。
结果
本研究生成的KAP量表有效且可靠。使用这些量表，分别有24.5%、22.6%和21%的参与者表现出正确的知识、态度和实践。较高的知识得分与女性性别（β = 0.97）、高月收入（β = 1.68）、中学（β = 6.11）或大学（β = 6.80）教育水平以及研究生教育（β = 7.13）显著相关。然而，年龄较大（β = -0.06）和月收入较低（β = -3.06）与较低的知识得分显著相关。较高的知识得分（β = 0.06）与对未使用或过期药品处置更积极的态度显著相关。作为医疗保健专业人员（β = 0.72）与较高的实践得分显著相关，而作为女性（β = -0.32）和生活在农村地区（β = -0.37）与较低的实践得分显著相关。
结论
本研究验证了黎巴嫩关于药物浪费的KAP量表，并显示大多数受访者的KAP得分较低。在药物处置的各个方面与较高KAP得分相关的因素，包括性别、年龄、教育水平和职业（医疗保健专业人员），表明在实施有针对性的纠正措施时需要考虑这些因素。尽管需要进一步研究来证实我们的发现，但本研究可为黎巴嫩的药物浪费管理国家战略奠定基础。
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