Grant K A, Johanson C E
Department of Psychiatry, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1987 Sep;28(1):81-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90016-5.
Self-administration behavior was maintained by a unit dose of 0.03 mg/kg diazepam in 4 of 5 monkeys trained to respond on a lever by successive approximation using diazepam or saline. A dose-response function was determined using diazepam doses ranging between 0.01 and 0.3 mg/kg/infusion. Peak rates of responding occurred at doses of 0.01 or 0.03 mg/kg/infusion and drug intake was directly related to dose. When saline was substituted for diazepam either before or again after the dose-response function was determined, levels of responding remained unexpectedly high, even after as many as 16 consecutive sessions. The rates of responding maintained under extinction conditions appeared to be directly related to the amount of diazepam previously self-administered. For instance, monkeys which did not initially have high rates of responding for saline showed increases in responding after additional exposure to diazepam. Furthermore, the one monkey with low diazepam self-administration rates also had low rates of responding for saline. However, following a period of cocaine self-administration, responding declined in all monkeys when saline was substituted for cocaine. The data suggest that diazepam self-administration affects responding under extinction conditions, an effect which makes the interpretation of diazepam's reinforcing properties difficult.
在5只经训练通过逐次接近法对杠杆做出反应以使用地西泮或生理盐水的猴子中，有4只猴子的自我给药行为由0.03毫克/千克的地西泮单位剂量维持。使用0.01至0.3毫克/千克/输注范围内的地西泮剂量确定了剂量-反应函数。在0.01或0.03毫克/千克/输注的剂量下出现了反应峰值率，并且药物摄入量与剂量直接相关。在确定剂量-反应函数之前或之后，当用生理盐水替代地西泮时，即使在多达16个连续实验阶段之后，反应水平仍意外地高。在消退条件下维持的反应率似乎与先前自我给药的地西泮量直接相关。例如，最初对生理盐水反应率不高的猴子在额外接触地西泮后反应增加。此外，自我给药地西泮率低的那只猴子对生理盐水的反应率也低。然而，在一段可卡因自我给药期之后，当用生理盐水替代可卡因时，所有猴子的反应都下降了。数据表明，地西泮自我给药会影响消退条件下的反应，这种效应使得对地西泮强化特性的解释变得困难。
