Boutelle R C, Epstein S, Ruddy M C
New York City Board of Education.
Psychiatry. 1987 Aug;50(3):206-17. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1987.11024353.
Franz Alexander (1939) offered the hypothesis a number of years ago that hypertension can result from the inhibition of feelings of anger. Although a great deal of research has been done to test this hypothesis, the results remain equivocal. Part of the difficulty is that usually only anger was examined, making it impossible to determine the extent to which the results were specific to anger and not general for other negative emotions. A second prevalent problem has been the failure to match hypertensive and control groups on demographic variables that may be relevant to the relationship of hypertension to anger and its expression, such as education, economic level, and age. A third problem is that most studies have investigated only male hypertensives, thereby limiting the generality of the findings. The present study compares male and female hypertensives with carefully matched controls on measures of anxiety, depression, and anger and its suppression.
弗朗茨·亚历山大（1939年）多年前提出了一个假说，即高血压可能源于愤怒情绪的抑制。尽管已经进行了大量研究来检验这一假说，但结果仍不明确。部分困难在于，通常仅对愤怒进行了考察，这使得无法确定结果在多大程度上是愤怒所特有的，而非其他负面情绪所共有的。第二个普遍存在的问题是，在可能与高血压和愤怒及其表达之间的关系相关的人口统计学变量上，如教育程度、经济水平和年龄等，未能使高血压组和对照组相匹配。第三个问题是，大多数研究仅调查了男性高血压患者，从而限制了研究结果的普遍性。本研究在焦虑、抑郁、愤怒及其抑制的测量方面，对男性和女性高血压患者与精心匹配的对照组进行了比较。
