International Center for Research on Women, Washington, DC, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2023 Jun;38(11-12):7143-7169. doi: 10.1177/08862605221141863. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) women are among the many victims killed by intimate partner homicide (IPH) each year, though the differences between different SGM groups (and how these groups compare to non-SGM IPH) have not been well established. The objective of this article was to identify practicable, correlated risk factors of IPH of SGM women that may have utility in prevention of future IPH among these populations in the U.S. Homicide data from the National Violent Death Reporting System spanning 2003 to 2017 were used to identify a profile of IPH specific to SGM women compared to women who were neither sexual nor gender minorities. Situational and individual characteristics significantly differentiated sexual minority (SM) women from non-SGM women victims of IPH, including substance abuse history (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.80 [2.42, 9.51]), having themselves used a weapon during the incident (AOR = 3.63 [1.44, 9.16]), and the type of weapon(s) used, such as firearms (AOR = 0.61 [0.40, 0.91]), with notably different differentiating characteristics for gender minority (GM) women (vs. non-SGM women) such as the likelihood that the victim was known to have experienced interpersonal violence victimization in the previous month (AOR = 0.50 [0.07, 3.67]). Lesbian and bisexual women homicide victims were far more likely to have been killed via IPH than non-SGM women (AOR for Black SM women = 7.84 [3.65, 16.88], AOR for White SM women = 2.30 [1.03, 5.17]). There was no corresponding difference for GM women victims, whose likelihood of being killed by an intimate partner was similar to that of non-SGM women. Based on these findings, actionable public health recommendations-centered around evidence that neither "all women" nor "all LGBTQ people" are appropriate intimate partner violence prevention umbrellas-are proposed.
性少数群体（SGM）女性是每年因亲密伴侣凶杀（IPH）而遇害的众多受害者之一，尽管不同 SGM 群体（以及这些群体与非 SGM IPH 之间的差异）尚未得到充分证实。本文的目的是确定 SGM 女性 IPH 的可行、相关风险因素，这些因素可能有助于预防美国这些人群未来的 IPH。使用国家暴力死亡报告系统（National Violent Death Reporting System）2003 年至 2017 年的凶杀数据，确定了与非性少数和非性别少数的 IPH 女性受害者相比，SGM 女性的 IPH 特定特征。情境和个体特征显著区分了性少数（SM）女性与非性少数女性的 IPH 受害者，包括滥用药物史（调整后的优势比[OR] = 4.80 [2.42, 9.51]）、在事件中使用武器（OR = 3.63 [1.44, 9.16]），以及使用的武器类型，如枪支（OR = 0.61 [0.40, 0.91]），而性别少数（GM）女性（与非性少数女性相比）则有明显不同的特征，例如受害者在过去一个月内是否有遭受人际暴力侵害的经历（OR = 0.50 [0.07, 3.67]）。女同性恋和双性恋女性凶杀受害者因 IPH 而遇害的可能性远高于非性少数女性（黑人 SM 女性的 OR 为 7.84 [3.65, 16.88]，白人 SM 女性的 OR 为 2.30 [1.03, 5.17]）。对于 GM 女性受害者则没有相应的差异，其被亲密伴侣杀害的可能性与非性少数女性相似。基于这些发现，提出了以证据为中心的可行公共卫生建议，这些证据表明，“所有女性”和“所有 LGBTQ 人群”都不是合适的亲密伴侣暴力预防伞。
