School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
School of Education Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China.
Eur J Neurosci. 2023 Mar;57(5):796-808. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15906. Epub 2023 Jan 11.
In task switching, an interaction between task and response is often observed, with response repetition (RR) benefits in task-repeat trials and RR costs in task-switch trials. The theoretical accounts of the RR effect remain controversial, and neuroscience evidence is scarce. The present study utilized the event-related potentials (ERPs) method to explore the neural mechanism underlying the RR effect by adopting a cued task-switching paradigm. The ERP results revealed the interaction between task and response in the P3b time window, with a response switch positivity under task-repetition conditions and an RR positivity under task-switching conditions. In addition, there were RR positivity in the N2 irrespective of task transition and in the late component (LC, 550-600 ms) that only under the task repetition condition. On the individual level, the RR benefit positively correlated with the RR positivity in the LC, while the RR costs negatively correlated with RR positivity in the N2/P3 component. These results suggest that both response reconfiguration and episodic-retrieval make contributions to the RR effects, which were also discussed in terms of predictive model for a domain-general inference and learning of perceptual categories.
在任务转换中，通常会观察到任务和反应之间的相互作用，在任务重复试验中会出现反应重复（RR）获益，而在任务转换试验中则会出现 RR 成本。RR 效应的理论解释仍然存在争议，神经科学证据也很少。本研究采用提示任务转换范式，利用事件相关电位（ERP）方法，通过考察 P3b 时间窗内任务与反应的相互作用，探讨了 RR 效应的神经机制。ERP 结果表明，在任务重复条件下存在反应转换正波，在任务转换条件下存在 RR 正波，表明任务和反应之间存在交互作用。此外，在 N2 时间窗内，无论任务是否转换，均存在 RR 正波，在 LC（550-600ms）时间窗内，仅在任务重复条件下存在 RR 正波。在个体水平上，RR 获益与 LC 中的 RR 正波呈正相关，而 RR 成本与 N2/P3 成分中的 RR 正波呈负相关。这些结果表明，反应重新配置和情景提取都对 RR 效应有贡献，这也可以从预测模型的角度来讨论一般推理和知觉类别学习。
