College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Feb;133:108517. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108517. Epub 2023 Jan 2.
In this study, the effects of dietary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Litopenaeus vannamei were investigated to determine whether LPS could play a role as a potential immunostimulant in shrimp. L. vannamei with an initial body weight of 0.30 ± 0.02 g were fed a diet containing LPS at doses of 0, 0.2, 1, 5, 25 or 125 mg kg for eight weeks (groups LPS0, LPS0.2, LPS1, LPS5, LPS25 and LPS125, respectively). After eight weeks of feeding, the growth performance, immunity and transcriptome response of L. vannamei were analysed. Only dietary LPS at 0.2 and 1 mg kg resulted in a significant increase in the growth of L. vannamei (P < 0.05). According to the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), the optimum dietary LPS level was 2.462 and 2.455 mg kg, respectively. When compared with the control group, the survival rate (SR) of L. vannamei in the LPS0.2 group was significantly increased after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection and the SR of L. vannamei in the LPS1 group was significantly increased after Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection (both P < 0.05). Compared with the LPS0 group, immune enzyme activity in the serum of L. vannamei could be significantly increased and the content of maleic dialdehyde (MDA) significantly decreased by dietary LPS. Transcriptome analysis of the haemocytes of L. vannamei identified 399 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 5000 down-regulated DEGs in the LPS0.2 compared to the control group. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in the following pathways: phosphatidylinositol signalling, Wnt signalling, Jak-STAT signalling and inositol phosphate metabolism. In conclusion, this study revealed that diets supplemented with low-dose LPS had positive effects on the growth and immunity of L. vannamei.
本研究旨在探讨膳食脂多糖（LPS）对凡纳滨对虾的影响，以确定 LPS 是否可以作为虾的潜在免疫增强剂。初始体重为 0.30±0.02 g 的凡纳滨对虾用含有 0、0.2、1、5、25 或 125 mg kg 的 LPS 的饲料喂养 8 周（分别为 LPS0、LPS0.2、LPS1、LPS5、LPS25 和 LPS125 组）。喂养 8 周后，分析了凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、免疫和转录组反应。只有膳食 LPS 为 0.2 和 1 mg kg 时，凡纳滨对虾的生长才有显著增加（P<0.05）。根据增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR），最佳膳食 LPS 水平分别为 2.462 和 2.455 mg kg。与对照组相比，LPS0.2 组凡纳滨对虾在白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）感染后的存活率（SR）显著增加，LPS1 组凡纳滨对虾在副溶血弧菌感染后的 SR 显著增加（均 P<0.05）。与 LPS0 组相比，膳食 LPS 可显著提高凡纳滨对虾血清中免疫酶活性，降低丙二醛（MDA）含量。凡纳滨对虾血细胞转录组分析显示，与对照组相比，LPS0.2 组有 399 个上调差异表达基因（DEGs）和 5000 个下调 DEGs。大多数 DEGs 在以下途径中显著富集：磷脂酰肌醇信号转导、Wnt 信号转导、Jak-STAT 信号转导和肌醇磷酸代谢。综上所述，本研究表明，低剂量 LPS 膳食对凡纳滨对虾的生长和免疫有积极影响。
