耐力运动方式对高水平越野滑雪运动员静息态 EEG 图谱变化的影响。
The Mode of Endurance Exercise Influences Changes in EEG Resting-State Graphs among High-Level Cross-Country Skiers.
机构信息
Exercise Science and Neuroscience Unit, Department Exercise and Health, Paderborn University, Paderborn, GERMANY.
Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Nord University, Levanger, NORWAY.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023 Jun 1;55(6):1003-1013. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003122. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
PURPOSE
Acute bouts of exercise influence the communication and organization of brain networks, with exercise intensity and volume regarded as key moderators. However, differences in coordination demands and limb involvement between exercise modes may also affect the communication and organization of brain networks after exercise and should be considered additionally. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mode on exercise-induced changes in electroencephalogaphy (EEG) resting-state networks comparing running (RUN) and cross-country skating (XC).
METHODS
Fifteen male, highly trained participants were tested for peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2peak ) during RUN (65.3 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ) and XC (63.5 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ) followed by incremental protocols at 50%, 70%, and 90% of speed at V̇O 2peak in both modes on the treadmill. After each exercise bout, 5-min resting-state EEG assessments using 64 channels were performed. Upon graph theory, small world index (SWI), clustering coefficient (CC), and path length (PL) were assessed in theta, alpha-1 and alpha-2 frequency bands. Repeated-measures ANOVA was applied to analyze the influence of exercise intensity and mode on modulations in brain network efficiency.
RESULTS
Main effects of mode on SWI ( P = 0.047), CC ( P < 0.001), and PL ( P = 0.031) in the alpha-2 network indicated stronger modulations in network efficiency after XC. Main effects of exercise intensity in the theta network indicated modulated SWI ( P < 0.001), CC ( P < 0.001), and PL ( P = 0.003) after exercise at 90% of V̇O 2peak speed. Physiological outcomes (heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and rating of perceived exertion) were influenced by intensity solely.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study demonstrates that an acute bout of coordinatively challenging endurance exercise may affect brain networks differently compared with running. Future studies may consider exercise mode as a potential moderator in the acute interaction between exercise and the brain.
目的
急性运动可影响大脑网络的交流和组织，运动强度和量被认为是关键的调节因素。然而，不同运动模式之间协调需求和肢体参与的差异也可能影响运动后大脑网络的交流和组织，因此应额外考虑这些因素。本研究旨在比较跑步（RUN）和越野滑雪（XC）两种运动模式，探讨模式对运动诱导的脑电图（EEG）静息态网络变化的影响。
方法
15 名男性，经过高强度训练的参与者在跑步机上进行 RUN（65.3mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ）和 XC（63.5mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ）的峰值摄氧量（V̇O 2peak ）测试，然后在两种模式下以 50%、70%和 90%的 V̇O 2peak 递增测试。在每个运动阶段后，使用 64 个通道进行 5 分钟的静息状态 EEG 评估。基于图论，评估 theta、alpha-1 和 alpha-2 频段的小世界指数（SWI）、聚类系数（CC）和路径长度（PL）。采用重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）来分析运动强度和模式对大脑网络效率调节的影响。
结果
模式对 SWI（P=0.047）、CC（P<0.001）和 alpha-2 网络的 PL（P=0.031）的主要影响表明，XC 后大脑网络效率的调节更强。运动强度在 theta 网络中的主要影响表明，在 90%的 V̇O 2peak 速度下运动后，SWI（P<0.001）、CC（P<0.001）和 PL（P=0.003）发生调节。生理结果（心率、血乳酸浓度和感知用力程度）仅受强度的影响。
结论
本研究表明，急性协调挑战型耐力运动可能与跑步相比对大脑网络产生不同的影响。未来的研究可以考虑运动模式作为运动与大脑之间急性相互作用的潜在调节因素。
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