Prieto Miguel D, Alam Mosaab E, Franciosi Alessandro N, Quon Bradley S
Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Dept of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
ERJ Open Res. 2023 Jan 3;9(1). doi: 10.1183/23120541.00336-2022. eCollection 2023 Jan.
People living with cystic fibrosis have an increased risk of lung infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), the prevalence of which is reportedly increasing. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to estimate the burden (prevalence and incidence) of NTM in the cystic fibrosis population.
Electronic databases, registries and grey literature sources were searched for cohort and cross-sectional studies reporting epidemiological measures (incidence and prevalence) of NTM infection or NTM pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis. The last search was conducted in September 2021; we included reports published since database creation and registry reports published since 2010. The methodological quality of studies was appraised with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted to summarise the prevalence of NTM infection, and the remaining results are presented in a narrative synthesis.
This review included 95 studies. All 95 studies reported on NTM infection, and 14 of these also reported on NTM pulmonary disease. The pooled estimate for the point prevalence of NTM infection was 7.9% (95% CI 5.1-12.0%). In meta-regression, sample size and geographical location of the study modified the estimate. Longitudinal analysis of registry reports showed an increasing trend in NTM infection prevalence between 2010 and 2019.
The overall prevalence of NTM infection in cystic fibrosis is 7.9% and is increasing over time based on international registry reports. Future studies should report screening frequency, microbial identification methods and incidence rates of progression from NTM infection to pulmonary disease.
囊性纤维化患者感染非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）的风险增加，据报道其患病率正在上升。我们对文献进行了系统综述，以估计NTM在囊性纤维化人群中的负担（患病率和发病率）。
检索电子数据库、登记处和灰色文献来源，查找报告囊性纤维化患者NTM感染或NTM肺病的流行病学指标（发病率和患病率）的队列研究和横断面研究。最后一次检索于2021年9月进行；我们纳入了自数据库创建以来发表的报告以及自2010年以来发表的登记报告。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所工具评估研究的方法学质量。进行随机效应荟萃分析以总结NTM感染的患病率，其余结果以叙述性综述形式呈现。
本综述纳入了95项研究。所有95项研究均报告了NTM感染情况，其中14项还报告了NTM肺病情况。NTM感染点患病率的汇总估计值为7.9%（95%CI 5.1 - 12.0%）。在meta回归中，研究的样本量和地理位置改变了估计值。对登记报告的纵向分析显示，2010年至2019年期间NTM感染患病率呈上升趋势。
根据国际登记报告，囊性纤维化患者中NTM感染的总体患病率为7.9%，且随时间推移呈上升趋势。未来的研究应报告筛查频率、微生物鉴定方法以及从NTM感染进展至肺病的发病率。
