Vyas Pratibha, Sharma Sandeep, Gupta Jeena
Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
BioTechnologia (Pozn). 2022 Jun 29;103(2):203-215. doi: 10.5114/bta.2022.116213. eCollection 2022.
Improved agricultural practices and rapid industrialization have led to huge waste generation, and the management of this waste is becoming a global concern. The process of vermicomposting has emerged as a method of choice for converting waste into useful manure, with evidence of increase in crop productivity. During vermi-composting, the collective activities of decomposing microorganisms and earthworms lead to the humification of organic/inorganic waste, thereby generating the final product called vermicompost. Different types of industrial wastes such as waste from paper industries, tanneries, sugar mills, and pulp and textile industries have been effectively converted to vermicompost and successfully used to improve plant growth. The vermicompost thus formed was also demonstrated to increase the production of pharmaceutically important plant secondary meta-bolites such as withanolides and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Microbial amendment with different bacterial and fungal strains during vermicomposting further proves to be beneficial by increasing nitrogen content, decomposing organic waste, providing aeration, and stabilizing the vermicompost. These microorganisms after passing through the earthworm's intestine increase in numbers in the vermicast, thus becoming enriched in vermi-compost, which is particularly important for their use as biofertilizers. The precise role of different microbial pretreatments in improving the quality of vermicompost generated from industrial and agricultural waste is, however, not completely understood. To fill this gap in knowledge, the present article aims to review published literature to highlight the potential of microbial amendment during vermicomposting for bioremediation of industrial and agricultural waste. Microbial pre-composting followed by vermicomposting emerges as an eco-friendly and economical approach for managing agricultural and industrial waste.
改良的农业实践和快速工业化导致了大量废弃物的产生，而这些废弃物的管理正成为全球关注的问题。蚯蚓堆肥法已成为一种将废弃物转化为有用肥料的首选方法，有证据表明其能提高作物产量。在蚯蚓堆肥过程中，分解微生物和蚯蚓的共同活动导致有机/无机废弃物腐殖化，从而产生最终产物蚯蚓粪。不同类型的工业废弃物，如造纸工业、制革厂、糖厂以及纸浆和纺织工业产生的废弃物，已被有效地转化为蚯蚓粪，并成功用于促进植物生长。所形成的蚯蚓粪还被证明能增加具有重要药用价值的植物次生代谢产物的产量，如睡茄内酯和多不饱和脂肪酸。在蚯蚓堆肥过程中用不同的细菌和真菌菌株进行微生物改良，通过增加氮含量、分解有机废弃物、提供通气以及稳定蚯蚓粪，进一步证明是有益的。这些微生物经过蚯蚓肠道后，在蚓粪中的数量增加，从而在蚯蚓粪中富集，这对于将其用作生物肥料尤为重要。然而，不同微生物预处理在提高由工农业废弃物产生的蚯蚓粪质量方面的确切作用尚未完全明了。为填补这一知识空白，本文旨在综述已发表的文献，以突出蚯蚓堆肥过程中微生物改良对工农业废弃物生物修复的潜力。先进行微生物预堆肥再进行蚯蚓堆肥，是一种管理农业和工业废弃物的环保且经济的方法。
