von Stebut Esther, Helbig Doris
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Uniklinikum Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2023 Feb;74(2):80-83. doi: 10.1007/s00105-022-05100-7. Epub 2023 Jan 6.
Besides the differences in skin and hair color among different ethnic groups, morphological and functional differences in skin and hair have also been demonstrated. The color of skin and hair is determined by two types of melanin, eumelanin (brown to black pigment) and phaeomelanin (red to yellow pigment). In addition to the individual mixture of these pigment types, there are also differences in the melanosome arrangement of Caucasian, Asian, and African skin. Although the epidermis thickness is the same in all people, darker skin has a higher number of stratum corneum layers and a thicker dermis with a higher number of fibroblasts. The hairs of different ethnic groups also vary regarding shape and thickness: they are round in Asians, elliptical in Blacks and intermediate in Whites. Hair diameter is the greatest in Asians, followed by Blacks and is the smallest in Whites, whereas the number of hairs is highest in Whites, followed by that in Asians and Blacks.
除了不同种族之间皮肤和头发颜色的差异外，皮肤和头发在形态和功能上的差异也已得到证实。皮肤和头发的颜色由两种黑色素决定，即真黑素（棕色至黑色色素）和褐黑素（红色至黄色色素）。除了这些色素类型的个体混合差异外，白种人、亚洲人和非洲人皮肤的黑素体排列也存在差异。尽管所有人的表皮厚度相同，但肤色较深的人角质层层数更多，真皮更厚，成纤维细胞数量也更多。不同种族的毛发在形状和粗细方面也有所不同：亚洲人的毛发是圆形的，黑人的是椭圆形的，白人的则介于两者之间。亚洲人的头发直径最大，其次是黑人，白人的最小，而毛发数量在白人中最高，其次是亚洲人和黑人。
