Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins 77402-970, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins 77402-970, Brazil; CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Jan 15;250:114513. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114513. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
Thiamethoxam (TMX) is a systemic neonicotinoid that acts as a partial agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, target species have shown resistance to formulations based on such neonicotinoids, which can also be expected for non-target insects. This research aimed to study the effects of a formulation based on TMX [Cruiser® 350 FS (CRZ)] on the life traits of Chironomus xanthus filial generation (F1) and compare it with the parental generation (P). Environmentally relevant concentrations of CRZ significantly decreased larvae growth P generation , also slowing and decreasing their emergence. Larvae of the F1 generation were less sensitive than their parents, suggesting that the progeny were able to thrive and perform basic physiological functions better than the parental generation. Our results highlight that insect resistance to neonicotinoids may be associated with the better performance of the filial generation, which is related to the change in affinities of the active ingredient for the sub-units constituting the nAChRs subtypes of F1 organisms, inherited from P organisms that were able to survive and reproduce. Moreover, further studies using biochemical and omics tools should be performed to disentangle the specific changes occurring at the nAChRs throughout insect development.
噻虫嗪（TMX）是一种系统性的新烟碱类杀虫剂，作为烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（nAChRs）的部分激动剂。然而，靶标物种已经表现出对基于此类新烟碱类杀虫剂的制剂的抗性，预计非靶标昆虫也会出现这种情况。本研究旨在研究基于噻虫嗪[克鲁泽 350 FS（CRZ）]的制剂对 Chironomus xanthus 后代（F1）生活特征的影响，并将其与亲代（P）进行比较。环境相关浓度的 CRZ 显著降低了幼虫生长 P 代的速度，也减缓了其出现的速度。F1 代幼虫比其父母更不敏感，这表明后代能够更好地茁壮成长并执行基本的生理功能，比亲代更好。我们的研究结果表明，昆虫对新烟碱类杀虫剂的抗性可能与后代更好的表现有关，这与构成 nAChRs 亚基的活性成分对 F1 生物体亚基亲和力的变化有关，这种变化是从能够生存和繁殖的 P 生物体遗传而来的。此外，应该使用生化和组学工具进一步研究，以阐明昆虫发育过程中 nAChRs 发生的具体变化。
