Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, PL 85326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Molecules. 2022 Dec 22;28(1):94. doi: 10.3390/molecules28010094.
This paper aims to propose an alternative to the known permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). PRB is one of the methods, which is a reactive barrier placed below the ground, to clean up contaminated groundwater. New polymer active substrates (ASs) were used to prevent soil contamination by toxic heavy metals. The active substrates consisted of a mixture of poly(vinyl chloride), Aliquat 336, and bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, which was applied to the skeleton material (fiberglass or textile). Aliquat 336 was used as a binding agent for metal ions (Cr(VI), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II)). In contrast with the PRBs, the ASs (from to ) were obtained in a simple way using the pouring method. The obtained ASs could be recycled and reused. The active substrates were used for the binding of various metal ions from aqueous solutions and the examined soil. It was found that the active substrate decreased the concentrations of nickel, cadmium, and lead by more than 50% and that of chromium by more than 90% in the aqueous solution. High sorption efficiency for chromium and zinc metals (81% and 66%) with the use of was also found, owing to which the migration of metals from soil to water can be limited. In the soil environment, active substrate with the addition of a plasticizer showed the greatest effectiveness. This solution resulted in a reduction in each tested metal ion of at least 50%, and reductions in cadmium, lead, and copper of over 70%.
本文旨在提出一种替代已知的可渗透反应屏障（PRB）的方法。PRB 是一种放置在地下的反应屏障，用于净化受污染的地下水。新的聚合物活性基质（AS）被用于防止有毒重金属污染土壤。活性基质由聚氯乙烯、Aliquat 336 和双（2-乙基己基）己二酸的混合物组成，应用于骨架材料（玻璃纤维或纺织品）。Aliquat 336 被用作金属离子（Cr(VI)、Ni(II)、Cu(II)、Zn(II)、Cd(II)和 Pb(II)）的结合剂。与 PRB 相比，ASs（从 到 ）通过浇注法以简单的方式获得。获得的 ASs 可以回收和重复使用。活性基质用于从水溶液和受检土壤中结合各种金属离子。结果发现，活性基质 可将水溶液中镍、镉和铅的浓度降低 50%以上，铬的浓度降低 90%以上。还发现，使用 对铬和锌金属的吸附效率很高（81%和 66%），这可以限制金属从土壤向水中的迁移。在土壤环境中，添加增塑剂的活性基质 表现出最大的效果。该溶液导致每种测试金属离子的减少至少 50%，以及镉、铅和铜的减少超过 70%。
