Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
PLoS One. 2023 Jan 12;18(1):e0280194. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280194. eCollection 2023.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the perception of schoolchildren whether their academic performance improved or worsened during the pandemic, analyzing their social anxiety, gender, use of masks in the classroom, and school year. The total sample was 107 primary school students (25 in the fourth, 40 in the fifth and 42 in the sixth grade), with a mean age of 10.51 years old (SD = 1). The gender were 58 girls and 49 boys, from a school in the province of La Coruña (Spain). The study was based on a quantitative methodology, and the design was cross-sectional, descriptive, observational and correlational. The social anxiety questionnaire (CASO-N24) was used to assess social anxiety, and an ad hoc self-report register was elaborated to evaluate sociodemographic variables. The results indicated that 44.8% of the schoolchildren considered that the pandemic had neither improved nor worsened their academic performance. Although 38.3% considered that high and very high social anxiety increased progressively as the school year progressed, both in boys and girls. Besides, the schoolchildren who presented very low and low social anxiety improved their grades in Physical Education, while those who presented high social anxiety worsened them. In conclusion, having a low social anxiety, lower grades before the pandemic and higher grades after, makes children perceive an improvement in their academic performance during the pandemic.
本研究旨在确定小学生对疫情期间学业成绩提高还是下降的看法,分析其社交焦虑、性别、课堂戴口罩情况和年级。总样本为 107 名小学生(四年级 25 名,五年级 40 名,六年级 42 名),平均年龄为 10.51 岁(SD=1)。性别为 58 名女生和 49 名男生,来自西班牙拉科鲁尼亚省的一所学校。该研究基于定量方法,设计为横断面、描述性、观察性和相关性。使用社交焦虑问卷(CASO-N24)评估社交焦虑,制定了专门的自我报告登记册来评估社会人口统计学变量。结果表明,44.8%的学生认为疫情对他们的学业成绩既没有提高也没有恶化。尽管 38.3%的学生认为高和非常高的社交焦虑随着学年的进展而逐渐增加,无论是男生还是女生。此外,表现出非常低和低社交焦虑的学生在体育教育方面提高了成绩,而表现出高社交焦虑的学生则恶化了成绩。总之,社交焦虑程度低、疫情前成绩低、疫情后成绩高的学生,会认为自己的学业成绩在疫情期间有所提高。