Physical Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, State, 251101, Nigeria.
Mathematics and Statistics, First Technical University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
F1000Res. 2022 Oct 10;11:1153. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.124555.2. eCollection 2022.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are both classified as blood-borne viruses since they are transmitted through contact with contaminated blood. Approximately 1.3 million of the 2.75 million global HIV/HCV carriers are people who inject drugs (PWID). HIV co-infection has a harmful effect on the progression of HCV, resulting in greater rates of HCV persistence after acute infection, higher viral levels, and accelerated progression of liver fibrosis and end-stage liver disease. In this study, we developed and investigated a mathematical model for the dynamical behavior of HIV/AIDS and HCV co-infection, which includes therapy for both diseases, vertical transmission in HIV cases, unawareness and awareness of HIV infection, inefficient HIV treatment follow-up, and efficient condom use. Positivity and boundedness of the model under investigation were established using well-known theorems. The equilibria were demonstrated by bringing all differential equations to zero. The associative reproduction numbers for mono-infected and dual-infected models were calculated using the next-generation matrix approach. The local and global stabilities of the models were validated using the linearization and comparison theorem and the negative criterion techniques of bendixson and dulac, respectively. The growing prevalence of HIV treatment dropout in each compartment of the HIV model led to a reduction in HIV on treatment compartments while other compartments exhibited an increase in populations In dually infected patients, treating HCV first reduces co-infection reproduction number , which reduces liver cancer risk. From the model's results, we infer various steps (such as: campaigns to warn individuals about the consequences of having multiple sexual partners; distributing more condoms to individuals; continuing treatment for chronic HCV and AIDS) that policymakers could take to reduce the number of mono-infected and co-infected individuals.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）都被归类为血源性病原体，因为它们通过接触受污染的血液传播。在全球 275 万 HIV/HCV 携带者中，约有 130 万人是注射毒品者（PWID）。HIV 合并感染对 HCV 的进展有不良影响，导致急性感染后 HCV 持续存在的比例更高、病毒水平更高、肝纤维化和终末期肝病的进展加速。在这项研究中，我们开发并研究了一个 HIV/AIDS 和 HCV 合并感染的动力学行为数学模型，该模型包括两种疾病的治疗、HIV 病例中的垂直传播、HIV 感染的不知情和知晓、低效的 HIV 治疗随访以及有效的避孕套使用。使用著名的定理证明了所研究模型的正定性和有界性。通过将所有微分方程归零来证明平衡点。使用下一代矩阵方法计算了单感染和双感染模型的关联繁殖数。使用线性化和比较定理以及 bendixson 和 dulac 的负判据技术分别验证了模型的局部和全局稳定性。HIV 模型中每个部分的 HIV 治疗脱落率的增加导致治疗部分的 HIV 减少，而其他部分的人口增加。在双重感染患者中，首先治疗 HCV 会降低合并感染的繁殖数 ，从而降低肝癌风险。从模型的结果中，我们推断出各种步骤（例如：开展活动警告个人拥有多个性伴侣的后果；向个人分发更多避孕套；继续治疗慢性 HCV 和艾滋病），政策制定者可以采取这些步骤来减少单感染和合并感染个体的数量。
