Centre for Innovation and Product Development (CIPD), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600127, India.
School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600127, India.
Nanotechnology. 2023 Feb 20;34(18). doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/acb320.
Nanowire-based technological advancements thrive in various fields, including energy generation and storage, sensors, and electronics. Among the identified nanowires, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) attract much attention as they possess unique features, including high surface-to-volume ratio, high electron mobility, bio-compatibility, anti-reflection, and elasticity. They were tested in domains of energy generation (thermoelectric, photo-voltaic, photoelectrochemical), storage (lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes, super capacitors), and sensing (bio-molecules, gas, light, etc). These nano-structures were found to improve the performance of the system in terms of efficiency, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, cost, rapidity, and reliability. This review article scans and summarizes the significant developments that occurred in the last decade concerning the application of SiNWs in the fields of thermoelectric, photovoltaic, and photoelectrochemical power generation, storage of energy using LIB anodes, biosensing, and disease diagnostics, gas and pH sensing, photodetection, physical sensing, and electronics. The functionalization of SiNWs with various nanomaterials and the formation of heterostructures for achieving improved characteristics are discussed. This article will be helpful to researchers in the field of nanotechnology about various possible applications and improvements that can be realized using SiNW.
基于纳米线的技术进步在各个领域蓬勃发展，包括能源生成和存储、传感器和电子学。在已确定的纳米线中，硅纳米线 (SiNWs) 因其具有独特的特性而备受关注，包括高表面积与体积比、高电子迁移率、生物相容性、抗反射性和弹性。它们已在能源生成（热电、光伏、光电化学）、存储（锂离子电池 (LIB) 阳极、超级电容器）和传感（生物分子、气体、光等）领域进行了测试。这些纳米结构被发现可以提高系统的性能，包括效率、稳定性、灵敏度、选择性、成本、速度和可靠性。本文综述了过去十年中 SiNW 在热电、光伏和光电化学发电、LIB 阳极储能、生物传感和疾病诊断、气体和 pH 传感、光探测、物理传感和电子学等领域的应用方面的重要发展。讨论了 SiNW 与各种纳米材料的功能化和异质结构的形成，以实现特性的改善。本文将有助于纳米技术领域的研究人员了解使用 SiNW 可以实现的各种可能的应用和改进。
