Moghaddas Fiona, Tsiougkos Nikolaos, Grammatikos Alexandros, Bright Philip D, Johnston Sarah, Gompels Mark
Department of Allergy and Immunology, North Bristol NHS Trust, UK.
World Allergy Organ J. 2023 Jan;16(1):100740. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100740. Epub 2023 Jan 7.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to review COVID-19 vaccine allergy advice and guidance requests received and assess the impact of advice outcome on vaccination outcome. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of requests for advice and guidance regarding COVID-19 vaccine allergy was completed using an electronic referral system from February 2021 to January 2022. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1265 independent patient requests for advice were received from primary care. Full vaccination information was available on 1210 patients who were included in the analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We evaluated the specific outcome of request for advice (written advice versus allergy consultation), rate of vaccination, vaccination combinations, and tolerance of vaccination. RESULTS: Of the 1210 patients included, 959 (79%) were female. Eight hundred and ninety-six (74%) requests were managed with written advice only and of these 675 (75%) patients went on to be vaccinated. Overall, 891 (74%) of the population were vaccinated with 2 or more doses.Two hundred and nineteen patient consultations were undertaken with 109 (50%) prior to the first vaccination. Forty-nine (45%) consultations prior to vaccination were undertaken due to a label of anaphylaxis to vaccination in the past. Vaccination was recommended for all patients, and 78 (72%) of these received a first dose. Eight of these patients (10%) had symptoms within 1 h of vaccine administration.One hundred and ten (50%) consultations were undertaken for adverse reactions post COVID-19 vaccination, with 84 (76%) concerning immediate symptoms. Thirty patients (27%) who had a consultation had had adrenaline administered post vaccination. One patient had biopsy confirmed Stevens Johnson Syndrome and was referred to Dermatology. All others due for further doses (107 patients) were recommended to have subsequent doses with 49 (45%) offered the same vaccine. Eighty-nine patients had a vaccine administered post adverse reaction and 79 (88%) tolerated the dose.Skin testing and challenge to polyethylene glycol were negative in the 8 patients tested. CONCLUSIONS: Over 1000 requests for advice and guidance were received during the review period, managed mainly with written advice. The overwhelming majority of requests for advice and consultations were for females, with equal distribution both pre- and post-COVID-19 vaccine administration. Vaccination was recommended in all but 1 patient (with biopsy confirmed Stevens Johnson Syndrome). Polyethylene glycol allergy was not confirmed in any patient, nor did any patient have confirmed anaphylaxis when the vaccine was administered under our supervision, suggesting that type 1 mediated hypersensitivity is uncommon even in this "high risk" population.
目的:回顾收到的关于新冠病毒疫苗过敏的建议和指导请求,并评估建议结果对疫苗接种结果的影响。 设计:使用电子转诊系统对2021年2月至2022年1月期间关于新冠病毒疫苗过敏的建议和指导请求进行回顾性分析。 参与者:共收到来自基层医疗的1265例独立患者的建议请求。1210例患者有完整的疫苗接种信息,被纳入分析。 主要观察指标:我们评估了建议请求的具体结果(书面建议与过敏咨询)、疫苗接种率、疫苗接种组合以及疫苗耐受性。 结果:纳入的1210例患者中,959例(79%)为女性。896例(74%)请求仅通过书面建议处理,其中675例(75%)患者随后接种了疫苗。总体而言,891例(74%)人群接种了2剂或更多剂疫苗。在首次接种疫苗前进行了219例患者咨询,其中109例(50%)。49例(45%)接种前咨询是由于过去有疫苗接种过敏反应标签。建议所有患者接种疫苗,其中78例(72%)接种了第一剂。这些患者中有8例(10%)在接种疫苗后1小时内出现症状。110例(50%)咨询是关于新冠病毒疫苗接种后的不良反应,其中84例(76%)涉及即刻症状。30例(27%)进行咨询的患者在接种疫苗后使用了肾上腺素。1例患者活检确诊为史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征,被转诊至皮肤科。所有其他应接种后续剂次的患者(107例)被建议接种后续剂次,其中49例(45%)接种相同疫苗。89例患者在出现不良反应后接种了疫苗,79例(88%)耐受该剂次。8例接受检测的患者对聚乙二醇的皮肤试验和激发试验均为阴性。 结论:在回顾期间收到了1000多项建议和指导请求,主要通过书面建议处理。绝大多数建议和咨询请求来自女性,在新冠病毒疫苗接种前后分布均衡。除1例活检确诊为史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征的患者外,所有患者均被建议接种疫苗。未在任何患者中确诊聚乙二醇过敏,在我们的监督下接种疫苗时也没有患者确诊过敏反应,这表明即使在这个“高风险”人群中,1型介导的超敏反应也不常见。
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