Pediatrics Department. Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
Clinical Pathology Department. Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2023 Feb 1;36(2):96-104. doi: 10.20344/amp.18906. Epub 2023 Jan 16.
Salmonellosis represents a considerable health, social and economic burden in both high- and low-income countries. Recently, in Portugal, most cases of Salmonella infections have been reported in children under 15 years of age. The main aim of this study was to characterize, from an epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical perspective, cases of Salmonella isolation among children.
The authors performed a descriptive study using retrospective analysis of cases of salmonellosis, in pediatric age, at a Portuguese Level II Hospital, between January 2015 and July 2020.
The population included a total of 63 children, of which 81% were Portuguese. Ethnicity was identified in 13 children, most of whom were African. The median age at diagnosis was four years old (3.5 - 9 years old). Despite the small number of cases per year in our study (11), one-third were severe enough to require hospitalization. Overall, 13% of patients were treated with antibiotics. In 63% of the isolates, serotype was identified: Salmonella Enteriditis (38%), Salmonella Typhimurium (22%), and Salmonella Typhi (3%). Antibiotic resistance rates were 19% for ampicillin and 6.4% for amoxicillinclavulanic acid and cotrimoxazole. No resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was found.
Given the obtained results, we intend to improve knowledge on salmonellosis in Portugal and, consequently improve prevention strategies, treatment and its notification. Although the incidence of salmonellosis has been decreasing in recent years it is the second most frequent gastrointestinal infection in the European Union, contributing to significant rates of hospitalizations and use of antibiotics in Portugal.
沙门氏菌病在高收入和低收入国家都构成了相当大的健康、社会和经济负担。最近，在葡萄牙，大多数沙门氏菌感染病例报告发生在 15 岁以下的儿童中。本研究的主要目的是从流行病学、微生物学和临床角度描述葡萄牙儿童沙门氏菌分离病例的特征。
作者对 2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 7 月期间，葡萄牙一家二级医院儿科年龄的沙门氏菌病病例进行了回顾性分析，开展了一项描述性研究。
该人群共纳入 63 名儿童，其中 81%为葡萄牙人。13 名儿童的种族得到了确认，其中大多数为非洲人。诊断时的中位年龄为 4 岁（3.5-9 岁）。尽管我们的研究中每年的病例数很少（11 例），但三分之一的病例严重到需要住院治疗。总的来说，13%的患者接受了抗生素治疗。在 63%的分离株中鉴定出血清型：肠炎沙门氏菌（38%）、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（22%）和伤寒沙门氏菌（3%）。对氨苄西林的耐药率为 19%，对阿莫西林克拉维酸和复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率为 6.4%。未发现对第三代头孢菌素的耐药性。
鉴于所获得的结果，我们旨在提高对葡萄牙沙门氏菌病的认识，并相应地改进预防策略、治疗方法及其通报。尽管近年来沙门氏菌病的发病率有所下降，但它仍是欧盟第二大常见的胃肠道感染，导致葡萄牙住院率和抗生素使用率显著上升。
