随着积极、支持和冲突性讨论，老年夫妻的情感和生理关联如何变化：资本积累和反应性行为的作用。
How aging couples' emotional and physiological associations change across positive, supportive, and conflictual discussions: Roles of capitalization and responsive behaviors.
机构信息
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
出版信息
Biol Psychol. 2023 Feb;177:108500. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108500. Epub 2023 Jan 13.
BACKGROUND
Couples' emotions and physiology change across interactions and based on behaviors. Aging couples' emotions and physiology may be closely related as they spend more time together and rely on each other for support. We examined aging couples' emotional and physiological associations across multiple indices and marital interactions; we also assessed how couples' capitalization and responsive behaviors during the first discussion were protective in subsequent emotional conversations.
METHODS
Married couples (n = 107 couples, 214 individuals) engaged in positive event, social support, and conflict discussions. Emotional and physiological assessments across discussions included: positive and negative emotion, electrodermal activity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability. We coded partners' capitalization and responsive behaviors during the first discussion.
RESULTS
There were ties in spouses' positive emotion, negative emotion, electrodermal activity, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability during positive, supportive, and conflictual discussions. Emotional and physiological associations reflecting shared stress (negative emotion, electrodermal activity, systolic blood pressure) were stronger in couples who were less capitalizing or responsive earlier that day; associations reflecting physiological adaptation (heart rate variability) were stronger for more capitalizing and responsive couples.
CONCLUSION
Aging couples' emotions and physiology tracked together during discussions central to maintaining relationships, and their past behaviors carried over into future interactions and across contexts. Enthusiastic, caring, and understanding behaviors may protect partners from shared emotional and physiological stress; lacking such behaviors may increase emotional and physiological vulnerability. This research identifies behavioral, emotional, and physiological pathways connecting relationships to health in adulthood.
背景
夫妻双方的情绪和生理机能会随着互动和行为而发生变化。随着老年夫妻相处时间的增加，他们相互依赖的程度也会加深，他们的情绪和生理机能可能会密切相关。本研究旨在通过多个指标和婚姻互动来考察老年夫妻的情绪和生理机能的关联，并评估夫妻在第一次讨论中表现出的支持和回应性行为在随后的情绪对话中是如何起到保护作用的。
方法
已婚夫妇（n=107 对，214 人）参与了积极事件、社会支持和冲突讨论。在讨论过程中，对情绪和生理机能进行了评估，包括积极和消极情绪、皮肤电活动、收缩压和舒张压、心率和心率变异性。我们对夫妻双方在第一次讨论中的支持和回应行为进行了编码。
结果
在积极、支持和冲突讨论中，配偶的积极情绪、消极情绪、皮肤电活动、收缩压、心率和心率变异性存在关联。反映共同压力（消极情绪、皮肤电活动、收缩压）的情绪和生理关联在当天早些时候较少支持或回应的夫妻中更为强烈；反映生理适应（心率变异性）的关联在更支持和回应的夫妻中更为强烈。
结论
在维持关系的核心讨论中，老年夫妻的情绪和生理机能相互关联，他们过去的行为会延续到未来的互动和不同的情境中。热情、关怀和理解的行为可能会保护伴侣免受共同的情绪和生理压力的影响；缺乏这些行为可能会增加情绪和生理的脆弱性。本研究确定了将人际关系与成年人健康联系起来的行为、情感和生理途径。
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