Fu Jie, Fu Kehan, Hu Boyuan, Zhou Wei, Fu Yilin, Gu Luyao, Zhang Qinghua, Zhang Aiqian, Fu Jianjie, Jiang Guibin
School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 7;57(5):1919-1929. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06747. Epub 2023 Jan 16.
Little is known about the sources and environmental behavior of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the Arctic, especially their transformation products. The present study unprecedentedly investigated both 16 tri-OPEs and 8 di-OPEs in proglacial and ocean sediments from Ny-Ålesund, the Arctic. Mean concentrations of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in proglacial sediments were 487 and 341 pg/g dry weight (dw), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in ocean sediments (1692 and 525 pg/g dw). Ocean sediments might be simultaneously influenced by long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT), oceanic transport, and human activities, whereas proglacial sediments, since they are isolated from human settlements, may be dominantly affected by LRAT. Such source difference was evidenced by the contamination profile of OPEs: chlorinated tri-OPEs with high environmental persistence and high LRAT were dominant in proglacial sediments (66%); however, weakly environmentally persistent and highly hydrophobic aryl tri-OPEs were dominant in ocean sediments (47%), which were plausibly from local emission sources due to their low LRAT potential. Di-OPEs in proglacial and ocean sediments were dominated by groups of parent tri-OPEs with strong photodegradability, such as alkyl (75%) and aryl (58%). A higher mean molar ratio of di-OPE/tri-OPE in the proglacial sediment (14) than that in the ocean sediment (2.2) may be related to its higher photodegradation than that of the ocean sediment.
关于北极地区有机磷酸酯（OPEs）的来源和环境行为，尤其是其转化产物，人们所知甚少。本研究首次对北极地区新奥尔松的冰前沉积物和海洋沉积物中的16种三有机磷酸酯和8种二有机磷酸酯进行了调查。冰前沉积物中三有机磷酸酯和二有机磷酸酯的平均浓度分别为487和341皮克/克干重（dw），显著低于海洋沉积物中的浓度（分别为1692和525皮克/克干重）。海洋沉积物可能同时受到长距离大气传输（LRAT）、海洋传输和人类活动的影响，而冰前沉积物由于与人类聚居地隔离，可能主要受LRAT影响。OPEs的污染特征证明了这种来源差异：具有高环境持久性和高LRAT的氯化三有机磷酸酯在冰前沉积物中占主导地位（66%）；然而，环境持久性较弱且疏水性较强的芳基三有机磷酸酯在海洋沉积物中占主导地位（47%），由于其LRAT潜力较低，它们可能来自当地排放源。冰前沉积物和海洋沉积物中的二有机磷酸酯以具有强光降解性的母体三有机磷酸酯基团为主，如烷基（75%）和芳基（58%）。冰前沉积物中二有机磷酸酯/三有机磷酸酯的平均摩尔比（14）高于海洋沉积物中的平均摩尔比（2.2），这可能与其比海洋沉积物更高的光降解有关。
