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[新冠疫情后对艾滋病毒护理人员的护理]

[Post COVID-19 Pandemic Care for HIV Caregivers].

作者信息

Hsieh Chia-Yin, Li Chia-Lin, Yu Chia-Hui

机构信息

BSN, RN, Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, and Director, Taiwan AIDS Nurse Association, Taiwan, ROC.

PhD, Postdoc Fellow, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes; and Member, Research Development Committee, Taiwan AIDS Nurse Association, Taiwan, ROC.

出版信息

Hu Li Za Zhi. 2023 Feb;70(1):9-16. doi: 10.6224/JN.202302_70(1).03.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic that swept the world in 2020 has highlighted the dangers and challenges posed by infectious diseases and encouraged healthcare providers to further re-think the stigma of epidemic and pandemic diseases. HIV infection was reclassified as a chronic disease in Taiwan after highly active antiretroviral therapy was introduced in the country. Because HIV infection is related to behavior, people living with HIV are often affected by a negative social image that is influenced by multiple stereotypes and the general stigma toward AIDS. In Taiwan, this stigma is deeply influenced by Eastern philosophy and Confucian culture, making the context and effect of stigma different from Western countries. The current "U=U" concept of HIV treatment holds that someone under treatment for HIV with an undetectable HIV viral load cannot sexually transmit the virus to others. Therefore, in the post-pandemic era, HIV medical care personnel should apply evidence-based-care thinking. This article describes HIV stigma in the context of Confucianism, U=U as the leading concept of HIV treatment, and the recommended approach to care for HIV healthcare practitioners in the post-COVID-19 era. Reducing HIV stigma will enable Taiwan to achieve the ' Three Zeros' of zero discrimination, zero infection, and zero death advocated by the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS for ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.

摘要

2020年席卷全球的新冠肺炎疫情凸显了传染病带来的危险和挑战,并促使医疗服务提供者进一步重新思考流行病和大流行病的污名化问题。在台湾引入高效抗逆转录病毒疗法后,HIV感染被重新归类为一种慢性病。由于HIV感染与行为有关,HIV感染者往往受到负面社会形象的影响,这种形象受到多种刻板印象以及对艾滋病的普遍污名化的影响。在台湾,这种污名化深受东方哲学和儒家文化的影响,使得污名化的背景和影响与西方国家不同。当前HIV治疗的“U=U”概念认为,接受HIV治疗且HIV病毒载量检测不到的人不会通过性行为将病毒传播给他人。因此,在疫情后时代,HIV医护人员应运用循证护理思维。本文描述了儒家思想背景下的HIV污名化、“U=U”作为HIV治疗的主导概念,以及在新冠肺炎疫情后时代为HIV医护人员推荐的护理方法。减少HIV污名化将使台湾能够实现联合国艾滋病规划署倡导的到2030年终结艾滋病流行的“三个零”目标,即零歧视、零感染和零死亡。

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