Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode, 673 571, Kerala, India.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 17;13(1):888. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-27277-6.
India receives more than 70% of its annual rainfall in the summer monsoon from June to September. The rainfall is scanty and scattered for the rest of the year. Combining satellite data and model simulations, we show that the soil-vegetation continuum works as a natural capacitor of water, storing the monsoon pulse and releasing the moisture to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration over approximately 135 days when the moisture supply from precipitation is less than the evapotranspiration losses. The total Gross Primary Productivity of vegetation in India during the capacitor period accounts for almost 35% of the total annual GPP value. It primarily depends on the soil moisture at the beginning of the period, a measure of moisture capacitance of soil, with a correlation of 0.6. Given that India is the second largest contributor to recent global greening, its soil-vegetation water capacitance plays a significant role in the global carbon balance.
印度每年 70%以上的降雨量集中在 6 月至 9 月的夏季季风期，其余时间的降雨量稀少且分散。我们结合卫星数据和模型模拟结果表明，土壤-植被连续体起着天然蓄水器的作用，在降水补给小于蒸散损失的情况下，通过约 135 天的蒸散作用，将季风脉冲储存的水分释放到大气中。在电容器作用期间，印度植被的总总初级生产力几乎占总年 GPP 值的 35%。它主要取决于该时期初的土壤湿度，这是土壤水分容量的一个衡量标准，与土壤湿度之间的相关性为 0.6。鉴于印度是最近全球绿化的第二大贡献者，其土壤-植被水容量在全球碳平衡中发挥了重要作用。
