Meller Fernanda de Oliveira, Santos Leonardo Pozza Dos, Vargas Bianca Languer, Quadra Micaela Rabelo, Martins Carla Damasio, Schäfer Antônio Augusto
Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Jan 16;39(1):e00285121. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN285121. eCollection 2023.
The growing prevalence of food insecurity observed in the last years, has been favored by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to mental health issues, such as stress. We aim to analyze the prevalence of household food insecurity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with perceived stress. We analyzed data from two population-based studies conducted in 2019 and 2020-2021 in the municipality of Criciúma, State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Food insecurity and perceived stress were assessed with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. The covariables were sex, age, skin color, schooling level, income, job status, marital status, household crowding, overweight, and diet quality. Crude and adjusted associations between food insecurity and perceived stress were assessed using Poisson regression. A total of 1,683 adult individuals were assessed. Prevalence of food insecurity was 25.8% in 2019, decreasing to 21.6% in 2020. Prevalence of perceived stress was about 38% for both years. Before the pandemic, food insecurity increased the prevalence of perceived stress by 29% (PR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.02; 1.63), but no association was found during COVID-19. We found a worrying prevalence of food insecurity before and after de pandemic, nonetheless food insecurity and perceived stress were associated only in 2019. An assessment of these aspects after COVID-19 is needed to ensure basic life rights for all.
近年来，粮食不安全问题日益普遍，新冠疫情更是助长了这一趋势，导致出现了诸如压力等心理健康问题。我们旨在分析新冠疫情之前及期间家庭粮食不安全的发生率及其与感知压力的关联。我们分析了2019年以及2020年至2021年在巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州克里西乌马市开展的两项基于人群的研究数据。使用巴西粮食不安全量表和感知压力量表对粮食不安全和感知压力进行评估。协变量包括性别、年龄、肤色、受教育程度、收入、工作状况、婚姻状况、家庭拥挤程度、超重情况和饮食质量。使用泊松回归评估粮食不安全与感知压力之间的粗略关联和校正关联。总共评估了1683名成年人。2019年粮食不安全发生率为25.8%，2020年降至21.6%。这两年感知压力发生率均约为38%。在疫情之前，粮食不安全使感知压力发生率增加了29%（PR = 1.29；95%CI：1.02；1.63），但在新冠疫情期间未发现关联。我们发现疫情前后粮食不安全发生率令人担忧，尽管如此，粮食不安全与感知压力仅在2019年存在关联。需要在新冠疫情之后对这些方面进行评估，以确保所有人的基本生活权利。
