Garritsen Oxana, van Battum Eljo Y, Grossouw Laurens M, Pasterkamp R Jeroen
Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2023 Mar;24(3):134-152. doi: 10.1038/s41583-022-00669-3. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
The midbrain dopamine (mDA) system is composed of molecularly and functionally distinct neuron subtypes that mediate specific behaviours and are linked to various brain diseases. Considerable progress has been made in identifying mDA neuron subtypes, and recent work has begun to unveil how these neuronal subtypes develop and organize into functional brain structures. This progress is important for further understanding the disparate physiological functions of mDA neurons and their selective vulnerability in disease, and will ultimately accelerate therapy development. This Review discusses recent advances in our understanding of molecularly defined mDA neuron subtypes and their circuits, ranging from early developmental events, such as neuron migration and axon guidance, to their wiring and function, and future implications for therapeutic strategies.
中脑多巴胺（mDA）系统由分子和功能上不同的神经元亚型组成，这些亚型介导特定行为并与多种脑部疾病相关。在识别mDA神经元亚型方面已经取得了相当大的进展，最近的研究开始揭示这些神经元亚型如何发育并组织成功能性脑结构。这一进展对于进一步理解mDA神经元的不同生理功能及其在疾病中的选择性易损性很重要，并最终将加速治疗方法的开发。本综述讨论了我们在理解分子定义的mDA神经元亚型及其回路方面的最新进展，范围从早期发育事件，如神经元迁移和轴突导向，到它们的连接和功能，以及对治疗策略的未来影响。
